ACCA《P专业会计师》考试复习指导.docVIP

ACCA《P1专业会计师》考试复习指导3 本文由高顿ACCA整理发布，转载请注明出处 　　Internal control: Definition/Importance/Objectives ? 　　Definition/Importance ? 　　（Definition） ? 　　Internal control is any action taken by management to enhance the likelihood that established objectives and goals will be achieved. Management plans, organizes and directs the performance of sufficient actions to provide reasonable assurance that objectives and goals will be achieved. Thus the control is the result of proper planning, organizing and directing of management. Controls attempt to ensure that risks and those factors which stop the achievement of company objectives are minimized. ? 　　（Importance） ? 　　（1） Internal control and risk management are fundamental components of good corporate governance. ? 　　（2） Good corporate governance means that the board must identify and manage all risks within a company. ? 　　（3） In terms of risk management, internal control systems span financial, operational, and other areas i.e. all the activities of the company. ? 　　（4） However, internal control system are only as good as the people using them. ? 　　Objectives ? 　　（APB） ? 　　（1） The orderly and efficient conduct of its business, including adhere to internal policies. ? 　　（2） The safeguarding of assets. ? 　　（3） The preventing and detection of fraud and error. ? 　　（4） The accuracy and completeness of the accounting records. ? 　　（5） The timely preparation of financial information. ? 　　（COSO） ? 　　（1） Effectiveness and efficiency of operations. ? 　　（2） Reliability of financial reporting. ? 　　（3） Compliance with applicable laws and regulations. ? 　　Roles in risk management ? 　　Responsibility for internal control is not simply an executive management role. All employees have some responsibility for monitoring and maintaining internal controls. ? 　　（1） Board of directors: Ensuring adequacy and effectiveness of internal control system. ? 　　（2） Senior executive management: Setting internal control policies; Monitoring effectiveness of inter