基于构件的软件工程文：面向领域的软件构件演化度量研究.doc

基于构件的软件工程论文：面向领域的软件构件演化度量研究 【中文摘要】随着计算机应用的深入和软件工程的发展,软件系统与其它系统一样,其自身也会逐渐老化,不再适应用户和环境的需要而变成遗产系统(legacy system)。软件演化已经成为了软件生命周期中最重要的形态之一。当今,随着软件开发技术不断提高,软件开发规模与复杂度也不断加大。为了降低开发风险,很多软件企业都通过过程度量来改进软件过程,因而度量已经成为一项基本的软件工程实践活动。另一方面,基于构件的软件开发CBSE (Component based Software Engineering)能够有效地提高软件开发的质量和效率。然而,除了构件组装,构件演化是另一个需要经常面对的主要问题。因而构件演化成为基于构件的软件工程的新兴的研究领域。本文首先讨论了软件演化过程、软件度量、软件构件等相关概念；指出了软件公司在实际度量过程中存在的困难,并给出了相应的建议；借鉴了GQM (Goal-Question-Metric)度量思想,提出了一种面向领域的软件构件演化度量模型(F-CEMM) (Component-Evolution-Metric Model facing to Field),以支持软件系统构件演化度量；在软件企业度量实施过程中,由于不同角色利益人对于演化度量过程的不同理解,依据不同的信息需求详细的分析了其相互关系；其次,本文分析了不同的度量目标,对于度量元的选取进行细致的研究工作,列出了部分基本度量信息及派生度量信息,为构件演化度量过程提供了实践的参考；接下来本文对于度量实施过程中数据采集、度量结果分析、度量评估及改进等问题进行了详细的阐述,以使能够真正量化地评定演化过程的能力和性能；最后结合前面的研究工作,给出了一个实例进行分析。总之,本文的研究和意义旨在提高软件系统构件演化过程的质量,希望通过度量和测评,能够有效地对于构件演化过程进行控制,并最终能够提高软件企业的生产力。 【英文摘要】With the increasingly development of computer application and software engineering, software system would become old-ageing gradually daily. Just as other systems, we named the system which is out of date as legacy system. Software evolution has become an important characteristic in the software life cycle. Today, software development technology continues to improve, software development scale and complexity is also increasing. In order to reduce development risk, lots of software companies have improved the software process through the process of measurement. Therefore, the measurement has become a basic practice of the software engineering. On the other hand, Component based software engineering is one of the most effective solutions to improve software development quality and productivity. However, in addition to component composition, component evolution is another major problem. Therefore, component evolution has become a new field in Component-based software engineering.First of all, in this thesis, related concepts about software evolution process, software metric and software component are analyzed. We have pointed out the difficulties