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Combined potential and spin impurity scattering in cuprates
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Combined potential and spin impurity scattering in cuprates
G. Haran?? and A.D.S. Nagi?
?Institute of Physics, Politechnika Wroc lawska, Wybrzez?e Wyspian?skiego 27, 50-370 Wroc law, Poland
?Department of Physics, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada, N2L 3G1
(11 September 2000)
We present a theory of combined nonmagnetic and magnetic impurity scattering in anisotropic
superconductors accounting for the momentum-dependent impurity potential. Applying the model
to the d-wave superconducting state, we obtain a quantitative agreement with the initial suppression
of the critical temperature due to Zn and Ni substitutions as well as electron irradiation defects in
the cuprates. We suggest, that the unequal pair-breaking effect of Zn and Ni may be related to a
different nature of the magnetic moments induced by these impurities.
Impurities offer a useful experimental probe of the fundamental properties of high temperature superconductors.
Controlled substitutions of 3d transition metals (Zn, Ni) provide indirect information on the nature of the pairing
mechanism since they affect the physical properties of both the superconducting and normal state. The nominally
nonmagnetic Zn (3d10, S = 0) as well as magnetic Ni (3d8, S = 1) atoms reside in the magnetically active in-plane Cu
(3d9, S = 1/2) sites. Macroscopic susceptibility and NMRmeasurements1–5 of Y Ba2Cu3O7?δ (Y-123) superconductor
indicate the impurity-induced magnetic moments of 0.86μB for Zn, and 1.9μB for Ni in the underdoped compound,
which decrease with hole doping to 0.36μB/Zn and 1.6μB/Ni in the optimally doped system. In La2?xSrxCuO4
(La-214) the same impurity substitutions lead to magnetic properties corresponding to local magnetic moments of
1.0μB/Zn and 0.6μB/Ni.
6 Magnetism generated by Zn and Ni atoms is, however, different in nature. Whereas,
the Zn-induced moments reside in the vi
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