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Controlling factors of spring-summer phytoplankton succession in Lake Taihu
PRIMARY RESEARCH PAPER
Controlling factors of spring–summer phytoplankton
succession in Lake Taihu (Meiliang Bay, China)
Zhixin Ke ? Ping Xie ? Longgen Guo
Received: 2 November 2007 / Revised: 21 February 2008 / Accepted: 3 March 2008 / Published online: 19 March 2008
Springer Science+Business Media B.V. 2008
Abstract The spring–summer successions of phy-
toplankton and crustacean zooplankton were
examined weekly in Meiliang Bay of the subtropical
Lake Taihu in 2004 and 2005. During the study
period, the ecosystem of Meiliang Bay was charac-
terized by (i) clearly declined nitrogen compounds
(nitrate, TN, and ammonium) and slowly increased
phosphorus compounds (TP and SRP), (ii) increased
total phytoplankton density and rapid replacement of
chlorophyta (mainly Ulothrix) by cyanobacteria
(mainly Microcystis), and (iii) rapid replacement
of large-sized crustaceans (Daphnia and Moina)
by csmall-sized ones (Bosmina, Limnoithona, and
Ceriodaphnia). Results from the CCA and correlation
analysis indicate that the spring-summer phytoplank-
ton succession was primarily controlled by abiotic
factors. Cyanobacteria were mainly promoted by
increased temperature and decreased concentrations
of nitrogen compounds. The pure contribution of
crustacean was low for the variation of phytoplankton
suggesting a weak top-down control by crustacean
zooplankton in the subtropical Lake Taihu.
Keywords Microcystis Crustacean zooplankton
Phytoplankton Canonical correspondence
analysis (CCA) Lake Taihu
Introduction
Cyanobacterial blooms have become a worldwide
environmental problem (Carmichael, 2001), and the
mechanisms and processes involved in the initiation
of cyanobacterial blooms are of great concern. There
are several hypotheses (e.g. temperature, light, nutri-
ents, grazing pressure, and microbial interactions) to
explain the outburst of cyanobacteria in summer
(Smith, 1983; Sommer et al., 1986; Carpenter et al.,
1987; Scheffer et al., 1997).
In general, temperature was though
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