Controlling factors of spring-summer phytoplankton succession in Lake Taihu.pdf

Controlling factors of spring-summer phytoplankton succession in Lake Taihu.pdf

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Controlling factors of spring-summer phytoplankton succession in Lake Taihu

PRIMARY RESEARCH PAPER Controlling factors of spring–summer phytoplankton succession in Lake Taihu (Meiliang Bay, China) Zhixin Ke ? Ping Xie ? Longgen Guo Received: 2 November 2007 / Revised: 21 February 2008 / Accepted: 3 March 2008 / Published online: 19 March 2008  Springer Science+Business Media B.V. 2008 Abstract The spring–summer successions of phy- toplankton and crustacean zooplankton were examined weekly in Meiliang Bay of the subtropical Lake Taihu in 2004 and 2005. During the study period, the ecosystem of Meiliang Bay was charac- terized by (i) clearly declined nitrogen compounds (nitrate, TN, and ammonium) and slowly increased phosphorus compounds (TP and SRP), (ii) increased total phytoplankton density and rapid replacement of chlorophyta (mainly Ulothrix) by cyanobacteria (mainly Microcystis), and (iii) rapid replacement of large-sized crustaceans (Daphnia and Moina) by csmall-sized ones (Bosmina, Limnoithona, and Ceriodaphnia). Results from the CCA and correlation analysis indicate that the spring-summer phytoplank- ton succession was primarily controlled by abiotic factors. Cyanobacteria were mainly promoted by increased temperature and decreased concentrations of nitrogen compounds. The pure contribution of crustacean was low for the variation of phytoplankton suggesting a weak top-down control by crustacean zooplankton in the subtropical Lake Taihu. Keywords Microcystis  Crustacean zooplankton  Phytoplankton  Canonical correspondence analysis (CCA)  Lake Taihu Introduction Cyanobacterial blooms have become a worldwide environmental problem (Carmichael, 2001), and the mechanisms and processes involved in the initiation of cyanobacterial blooms are of great concern. There are several hypotheses (e.g. temperature, light, nutri- ents, grazing pressure, and microbial interactions) to explain the outburst of cyanobacteria in summer (Smith, 1983; Sommer et al., 1986; Carpenter et al., 1987; Scheffer et al., 1997). In general, temperature was though

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