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DESCRIPTION OF MECHANICAL RESPONSE INCLUDING DETACHMENT USING A NOVEL PARTICLE MODEL OF BIO
DESCRIPTION OF MECHANICAL RESPONSE
INCLUDING DETACHMENT USING A
NOVEL PARTICLE MODEL OF
BIOFILM/FLOW INTERACTION
Erik Alpkvist1*, Isaac Klapper2,
1 Applied Mathematics Group, School of Technology and Society, Malm? University,
SE-20506 Malm?, Sweden.
2 Department of Mathematical Sciences Center for Biofilm Engineering
Montana State University, Bozeman, Montana 59717
ABSTRACT
Bacterial biofilms, while made up of microbial-scale objects, also function as meso- and
macro-scale materials. In particular, macro-scale material properties determine how
biofilms respond to large-scale mechanical stresses, e.g., fluid shear. Viscoelastic and
other constitutive properties influence biomass structure (through growth and fluid
shear stresses) by erosion and sloughing detachment. In this paper, using the immersed
boundary method, biofilm is modeled by a system of viscoelastic, breakable springs
embedded in a fluid flow, evolving according to the basic physical laws of conservation
of mass and momentum. We demonstrate in silico biofilm deformation and detachment
under fluid shear stress.
KEYWORDS
Biofilm model, immersed boundary method, detachment, sloughing, streamers.
INTRODUCTION
Over long time scales, biofilms exist in a stationary state where material gains from growth are
balanced on average by material losses through a number of possible mechanisms. Among the most
important of those mechanisms are mechanically induced ones, e.g. fluid mediated transport and
detachment via erosion and sloughing. Much effort in biofilm modeling (e.g. Alpkvist et al. (2006)
Alpkvist and Klapper 2006, Kreft et al. (1998), Dockery and Klapper (2002), Picioreanu (1998))
has focused on growth. Less attention however has been directed to the mechanics of detachment.
In this paper, we propose use of the immersed boundary (IB) method as a framework for studying
bulk fluid-driven mechanical stress in biofilms and subsequent induced detachment.
Biofilm as a material
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