Growth promotion and yield enhancement of peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) by application of plant growt.pdf

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Growth promotion and yield enhancement of peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) by application of plant growt.pdf

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Growth promotion and yield enhancement of peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) by application of plant growt

ARTICLE IN PRESSMicrobiological Research 159 (2004) 371—394KEYWORD Plant grow promoting rhizobacte (PGPR); Peanut; ACC deam Rhizosphe competen Yield enha 0944-5013/$ - s doi:10.1016/j. Correspond E-mail addrwww.elsevier.de/micresGrowth promotion and yield enhancement of peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) by application of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria R. Dey, K.K. Pal, D.M. Bhatt, S.M. ChauhanNational Research Centre for Groundnut, Ivnagar Road, PB No. 5, Junagadh-362 001, Gujarat, India Accepted 25 August 2004S th- ria inase; re ce; ncement ee front matter 200 micres.2004.08.004 ing author. ess: rinku@nrcg.guj.nSummary Although plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) have been reported to influence plant growth, yield and nutrient uptake by an array of mechanisms, the specific traits by which PGPR promote plant growth, yield and nutrient uptake were limited to the expression of one or more of the traits expressed at a given environment of plant–microbe interaction. We selected nine different isolates of PGPR from a pool of 233 rhizobacterial isolates obtained from the peanut rhizosphere on the basis of ACC-deaminase activity. The nine isolates were selected, initially, on the basis of germinating seed bioassay in which the root length of the seedling was enhanced significantly over the untreated control. All the nine isolates were identified as Pseudomonas spp. Four of these isolates, viz. PGPR1, PGPR2, PGPR4 and PGPR7 (all fluorescent pseudomonads), were the best in producing siderophore and indole acetic acid (IAA). In addition to IAA and siderophore-producing attributes, Pseudomonas fluorescens PGPR1 also possessed the characters like tri-calcium phosphate solubilization, ammonification and inhibited Aspergillus niger and A. flavus in vitro. P. fluorescens PGPR2 differed from PGPR1 in the sense that it did not show ammonification. In addition to the traits exhibited by PGPR1, PGPR4 showed strong in vitro inhibition to Sclerotium rolfsii. The performances