Neutrino signatures of the supernova - gamma ray burst relationship.pdf

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Neutrino signatures of the supernova - gamma ray burst relationship.pdf

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Neutrino signatures of the supernova - gamma ray burst relationship

a r X i v : a s t r o - p h / 0 3 0 8 2 3 9 v 3 1 4 O c t 2 0 0 3 Neutrino signatures of the supernova - gamma ray burst relationship Soebur Razzaque,1 Peter Me?sza?ros1 and Eli Waxman2 1Dpt Astronomy Astrophysics, Dpt Physics, Pennsylvania State Univ., University Park, PA 16802, USA 2Department of Condensed Matter Physics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel (Dated: February 2, 2008) We calculate the TeV-PeV neutrino fluxes of gamma-ray bursts associated with supernovae, based on the observed association between GRB 030329 and supernova SN 2003dh. The neutrino spectral flux distributions can test for possible delays between the supernova and the gamma-ray burst events down to much shorter timescales than what can be resolved with photons. As an illustrative example, we calculate the probability of neutrino induced muon and electron cascade events in a km scale under-ice detector at the South Pole, from the GRB 030329. Our calculations demonstrate that km scale neutrino telescopes are expected to detect signals that will allow to constrain supernova-GRB models. PACS numbers: 95.85.Ry,96.40.Tv,98.70.Rz,98.70.Sa I. INTRODUCTION Gamma-ray bursts (GRB) have recently been shown to be associated with supernova (SN) events. This is based, most notably, on the burst GRB 030329, in whose optical afterglow the supernova (labelled SN 2003dh) photomet- ric and spectral signatures show up 9.6 days [1] after the γ-ray trigger. This late brightening of the supernova is caused by the large initial opacity to optical photons of the envelope of the exploding supernova. The collapse of the stellar core is thought to lead, for progenitor stellar masses in excess of 30 M⊙, to a blackhole responsible for the GRB (e.g. [2] for a review), while for less massive progenitors it leads to a rotating neutron star, typically detectable as a pulsar. A question of great interest is whether the supernova explosion of a progenitor in ex- cess of ～ 30M⊙ can lead to a black hole