Organic resource management in banana-based cropping systems of the Lake Victoria Basin, Uganda.pdf

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Organic resource management in banana-based cropping systems of the Lake Victoria Basin, Uganda.pdf

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Organic resource management in banana-based cropping systems of the Lake Victoria Basin, Uganda

I ELSEVIER Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment 59 (1996) 171-180 Agriculture Ecosystems Envnronment Organic resource management in banana-based cropping systems of the Lake Victoria Basin, Uganda Mateete A. Bekunda a,*, Paul L. Woomer b a Department of Soil Science, Makerere University, PO Box 7062, Kampala, Uganda b Tropical Soil Biology and Fertility Programme, PO Box 30592, Nairobi, Kenya Accepted 9 April 1996 Abstract The cultivation of plantain and cooking banana in humid areas of Uganda continues to grow in importance as rural population densities increase and as demand from urban areas intensifies. Difficulties accompany this importance, particularly soil depletion and intensification of pests and diseases of banana. We interviewed 510 farm families practising banana-based cultivation in six districts along the Lake Victoria Basin of southern-central Uganda to determine which resource management strategies are undertaken to mitigate limitations to banana cultivation and the importance of livestock and intercropping within those systems. Of the farmers interviewed, 97% reapply banana stalks and leaves to the banana mats on pruning and upon harvest, a practice that may contribute to banana weevil, stem nematode and sigatoka fungal attacks. Banana stalks were also applied as mulches to cash (4%) and field crops (2%) and used as livestock feed (10%). Farmers applied a wide range of additional resources to bananas including field crop residues (81%), burned residues (3%), on-farm manures (31%), compost (16%), external organic (17%) and chemical (4%) inputs. Of the organic inputs applied to bananas, bean trash (72%), maize stover (68%), cattle manure (45%) and composts (18%) were most frequently applied. It was necessary to consider at least five different organic inputs to account for more than 90% of farmer practices. Overall, intercropping was practised by 69% of the farmers. The six most encountered intercrops were, in decreasing o