有哪些信誉好的足球投注网站Stable particlelike solitons with multiply-quantized vortex lines in Bose-Einstein condensa.pdf
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Stable particlelike solitons with multiply-quantized vortex lines in Bose-Einstein condensa
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Stable particlelike solitons with multiply-quantized vortex lines
in Bose-Einstein condensates
J. Ruostekoski
Department of Physics, Astronomy and Mathematics,
University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield, Herts, AL10 9AB, UK
(Dated: February 2, 2008)
We show that a multiply-quantized vortex line core can be energetically stable in a harmonically
trapped two-component atomic Bose-Einstein condensate. The structure, in which the condensate
component with the vortex line is surrounded by the second component forming a vortex ring,
can be identified as a particlelike Skyrmion with a multiply-quantized winding number, and closely
resembles cosmic vortons.
PACS numbers: 03.75.Lm,03.75.Mn,12.39.Dc
Among the most remarkable experiments in atomic
Bose-Einstein condensates (BECs) are the studies of
topological defects, such as quantized vortex lines and
vortex lattices [1]. A quantized vortex in a single-
component BEC exhibits a line singularity of a 1D order
parameter field. However, truly 3D topological objects
can be afforded by multi-component BECs. It was re-
cently shown that a localized particlelike soliton, or a
Skyrmion, can be energetically stable in a trapped two-
species 87Rb BEC under realistic experimental conditions
[2]. In this paper we demonstrate that also multiply-
quantized Skyrmions can be stable in a two-component
BEC when the interparticle interaction between the two
species is sufficiently strong. In the stable configurations
one of the BEC components forms a multiply-quantized
vortex line and is confined in a toroidal region inside the
second component forming a vortex ring; see Fig. 1. The
second component provides the stability of the multiply-
quantized vortex line core against splitting, and no ex-
ternal quartic potential is required, as in the case of
multiply-quantized vortices in a single-component BEC
[3]. Moreover, the centrifugal energy, asso
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