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Stem Cell Niche Structure and Function
ANRV255-CB21-25 ARI 8 September 2005 17:11
Stem Cell Niche:
Structure and Function
Linheng Li and Ting Xie
Stowers Institute for Medical Research, Kansas City, Missouri 64110;
email: lil@, tgx@
Annu. Rev. Cell Dev. Biol.
2005. 21:605–31
First published online as a
Review in Advance on
July 1, 2005
The Annual Review of
Cell and Developmental
Biology is online at
doi: 10.1146/
annurev.cellbio.21.012704.131525
Copyright c? 2005 by
Annual Reviews. All rights
reserved
1081-0706/05/1110-
0605$20.00
Key Words
adult stem cell, self-renewal, differentiation, multipotentiality,
signaling
Abstract
Adult tissue-specific stem cells have the capacity to self-renew
and generate functional differentiated cells that replenish lost cells
throughout an organism’s lifetime. Studies on stem cells from di-
verse systems have shown that stem cell function is controlled by
extracellular cues from the niche and by intrinsic genetic programs
within the stem cell. Here, we review the remarkable progress re-
cently made in research regarding the stem cell niche. We compare
the differences and commonalities of different stem cell niches in
Drosophila ovary/testis and Caenorhabditis elegans distal tip, as well as
in mammalian bone marrow, skin/hair follicle, intestine, brain, and
testis. On the basis of this comparison, we summarize the common
features, structure, and functions of the stem cell niche and highlight
important niche signals that are conserved from Drosophila to mam-
mals. We hope this comparative summary defines the basic elements
of the stem cell niche, providing guiding principles for identification
of the niche in other systems and pointing to areas for future studies.
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ANRV255-CB21-25 ARI 8 September 2005 17:
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