The Subjunctive Mood (5-star).ppt

The Subjunctive Mood 语气是表示说话人对动词所表达的行为或状态采取何种态度的动词形式。 动词的三种语气（mood): 陈述语气:如果说话人把句中动词所表达的行为或状态看作是现实的东西，而加以描述，就要用陈述语气。 祈使语气: 如果说话人想要别人做某件事，如下达命令、 提出请求、 劝告、 警告等，就要采用祈使语气。 虚拟语气：如果说话人把所表达的行为或状态看作是只存在于说话人想像中的“假想”，而不看作是客观事实时，就要用虚拟语气。 虚拟语气大致分为二种形式：1.be 型虚拟式 2. were型虚拟式 be 型虚拟式 (句中谓语动词用should + 动词原形， should 可省略)： a. 在表示 “提议”、 “请求” 、 “命令”等意义的词(suggest/ suggestion, order, advise/ advice, insist, proposal , demand, request, require/ requirement)后的宾语从句、同位语从句、表语从句中, 谓语动词用(should) + do。 The orders are that we stay here. I suggest that he apply for the job. The employees have demanded the manager resign. Doctors advised that he should be transferred to a private room. b. 在表示“需要”或“紧急”的形容词（essential, urgent, important, necessary, advisable, desirable, preferable)后的主语从句中，谓语动词用(should) + do，构成it is +important …+ that …(should) + do句型。 1. It is necessary, absolutely, that I should return it this morning. 2. It is advisable that everyone should have a map. 3. It is necessary that she ______ here twice a week to help clean up the house. A. can come B. will come C. come D. could come c. 在prefer/ would prefer后的从句中谓语动词用(should) + do。例如: In the past men generally preferred that their wives ____ in the home. A. worked B. would work C. work 2. Would you prefer I ______ (come) on Monday instead of on Tuesday? 3. She preferred that he __________ (do) it in the kitchen. d. be型虚拟式有时可用在让步状语从句中： Though he be the President himself, he shall hear us. After all, all living creatures live by feeding on something else, whether it be plant or animal, dead or alive. Whether he succeed or fail, it will not matter to me. e.在it’s a shame/ pity/ interesting, 以及shocked, sorry, normal, natural that 后的从句中, 常用should + do表示惊讶。 I am sorry that you should think I did it on purpose. I was shocked that she shouldn’t have invited Philips. It is astonishing that she should say that sort of thing to you. f. lest ( 以免，为了不） They got up early lest they should miss the train. He