Viscaceae(Flora of China)槲寄生科.pdf

Flora of China 5: 240-245. 2003. VISCACEAE 槲寄生科 hu ji sheng ke Qiu Huaxing (邱华兴 Chiu Hua-hsing, Kiu Hua-xing)1; Michael G. Gilbert2 Shrubs or herbs, sometimes aerial hemiparasites on other seed plants, never with external runners, sometimes spreading within host (in Arceuthobium); nodes articulated, often enlarged, glabrous, except sometimes inflorescences. Leaves opposite, often reduced to scales; stipules absent; petiole often indistinct; leaf blade, when present, simple, mostly palmately 3?5-veined, margin entire. Inflorescences terminal or axillary, in spikes or cymes, sometimes a solitary flower; bracts inconspicuous. Flowers unisexual (plants dioecious or monoecious), (2?)3?4-merous, actinomorphic, minute (1?4 mm). Perianth lobes free, valvate. Disk absent. Stamens opposite to perianth lobes, adnate or free; anthers 1?many-loculed, sometimes connate into synandria, dehiscence longitudinal or by several pores. Pollen spheric. Ovary absent in male flowers, inferior in female flowers, 1-loculed, without true ovules, embryo sacs originating from a short placental column, integument absent. Style simple or absent; stigma small. Fruit a berry, with a viscin layer (sticky mucilaginous tissue) inside vascular bundles. Seed 1; testa absent; endosperm starchy; embryo rather large. About seven genera and 350 species: mainly tropical and subtropical regions; three genera and 18 species (seven endemic) in China. Kiu Hua-shing. 1988. Viscoideae. In: Kiu Hua-shing Ling Yeou-ruenn, eds., Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 24: 139?158. 1a. Stems 15?80 cm; leaves well developed or reduced to scales; anthers dehiscent by numerous pores; fruit 4 mm or more, indehiscent .................................................................................................................................................................. 3. Viscum 1b. Stems 2?15(?20) cm; leaves reduced to scales; anthers dehiscent by single slit or fused into synandrium with single apical pore; fruit mostly l