Zygophyllaceae(Flora of China)蒺藜科.pdf

45 ZYGOPHYLLACEAE 蒺藜科 ji li ke Liu Yingxin (刘媖心 Liou Yingxin, Liu Ying-hsin)1; Lihua Zhou (周丽华)2 Shrubs, shrublets, or perennial herbs, rarely annuals. Stipules distinct or connate, often persistent. Leaves opposite or sometimes alternate, simple or pinnate, often fleshy. Inflorescences axillary or terminal, solitary, racemose, or cymose. Flower bisexual, actinomorphic or zygomorphic. Sepals 4 or 5, imbricate or valvate. Petals 4 or 5, imbricate or valvate. Stamens 4 or 5 or up to 3 × as many as petals, with or without appendages. Ovary usually (2 or)3–5(–12)-locular. Fruit a drupe, capsule, or schizocarp, leathery or fragile. Twenty-six genera and ca. 284 species: temperate, tropical, and subtropical areas of Africa, America, Asia, Australia, and Europe; three genera (one endemic) and 22 species (three endemic) in China. Liou Yingxin. 1998. Zygophyllaceae (excluding Nitraria and Peganum). In: Xu Langran Huang Chengchiu, eds., Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 43(1): 116–145. 1a. Fruit a capsule .............................................................................................................................................................. 1. Zygophyllum 1b. Fruit a schizocarp. 2a. Schizocarp with 5 carpels; sepals and petals 5; stamens 5, base with glands ............................................................. 2. Tribulus 2b. Schizocarp with 4 carpels; sepals and petals 4; stamens 8, base with membranous appendages .............................. 3. Tetraena 1. ZYGOPHYLLUM Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 1: 385. 1753. 霸王属 ba wang shu Sarcozygium Bunge. Shrubs, perennial herbs, or rarely annuals. Leaves opposite, even-pinnate or rarely simple; petiole herbaceous or membranous; leaflet blades plane or sticklike, fleshy. Flowers axillary, solitary or paired. Sepals 4 or 5, sometimes caducous. Petals as many as sepals, orangish red, white, or yellow, sometimes with an orange claw or pale along margin, rarely apetalous. Stamens 8–10, abaxially w