人工髋关节承载状况下股骨柄应力的计算与分析.pdf

文章编号 : 　100427220 (2004) 0320147205 人工髋关节承载状况下股骨柄应力的计算与分析 郑晓雯 ,孟惠荣 (中国矿业大学 (北京)机电系 ,北京 100083) 摘要 : 　目的 　建立全髋关节置换术后的三维有限元模型 ,分析研究股骨柄的应力分布 ,为临床应用提供理论依 据。方法 　应用目前先进的大型有限元分析软件 ABAQUS ,对人工髋关节在不同条件下股骨柄的主要力学性能 ,即 应力分布状况进行了较为详细的计算与分析。结果 　①在不同的边界条件和不同的承载状态下 ,股骨柄的应力 均是随着受力方向α的增大而不断增大。②不同的边界条件对股骨柄的应力值影响较大。③应力值均与承载大 小成正比 ,但应力分布曲线有所不同。结论 　①接受人工髋关节置换术患者在日常生活中应避免髋关节的活动 范围过大 (α 30°) ; ②当仅有下三分之一股骨柄结合良好的情况下 ,无论承载大小 ,应力均随受力方向α(α 25°) 的加大而不断的急剧增加 ,说明在受到意外暴力时容易出现骨折或股骨柄断裂 ; ③当股骨柄与人体股骨结合不良 的情况下 ,即使患者髋关节的活动范围较小 ,股骨柄的应力值仍较大。 关键词 : 　人工髋关节 ,力学性能 ,应力分布 ,有限元法 中国分类号 : 　R318101 　　　　文献标识码 : 　A Stress Calculation and Analysis on the Stem of Artif icial Hip Joint under Loads ZHENG Xiao2wen ,MENG Hui2rong1 ( Dept1 of Mechanical Electronic Engineering , China University of Mining Technology ( Beijing) , Beijing 100083 , China) Abstract :　Objective 　A three dimensional finite element model of the revised total hip is established to study the stem stress distributions and to provide a theoretical foundation for the clinical practice. 　Methods 　The main mechanicel properties of the stem under different conditions of external loadings is calculated and analyzed in detail using ABAQUS finite element software.　 Results 　①The stem stress increases as the load angleαincreases under different boundary conditions and load conditions. ② The stem stress is significantly affected by boundary conditions. ③All the stress values are in direct proportion to the load values , but the stress distribution curves change shape with respect to load value. 　Conclusion 　①The patients after total hip replace2 ment should avoid the activity of large range of motion of the hip joint(α 30°) 1 ② The stresses in all load conditions increase rapidly with load angleα(α 25°) increasing when only the lower third part of the stem is in contact with the bone , so the femur fracture or the stem rupture can easily take place if there is an accidental impact1 ③When the stem is not in perfect contact with the human femur , the stem stress