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动力学Review of second-order models for adsorption systems
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dJournal of Hazardous Materials B136 (2006) 681–689
Review of second-order models for adsorption systems
Yuh-Shan Ho ?
School of Public Health, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wu-Hsing Street, Taipei 11014, Taiwan
Received 24 November 2004; received in revised form 2 April 2005; accepted 29 December 2005
Available online 7 February 2006
bstract
Applications of second-order kinetic models to adsorption systems were reviewed. An overview of second-order kinetic expressions is described
n this paper based on the solid adsorption capacity. An early empirical second-order equation was applied in the adsorption of gases onto a solid.similar second-order equation was applied to describe ion exchange reactions. In recent years, a pseudo-second-order rate expression has been
idely applied to the adsorption of pollutants from aqueous solutions onto adsorbents. In addition, the earliest rate equation based on the solid
dsorption capacity is also presented in detail.
2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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teywords: Kinetics; Second-order; Pseudo-second-order; Biosorption; Sorptio
. Introduction
Predicting the rate at which adsorption takes place for a
iven system is probably the most important factor in adsorption
ystem design, with adsorbate residence time and the reac-
or dimensions controlled by the system’s kinetics. A number
f adsorption processes for pollutants have been studied in an
ttempt to find a suitable explanation for the mechanisms and
inetics for sorting out environment solutions. In order to inves-
igate the mechanisms of adsorption, various kinetic models
ave been suggested. In recent years, adsorption mechanisms
nvolving kinetics-based models have been reported. Numerous
inetic models have described the reaction order of adsorption
ystems based on solution concentration. These include first-
rder [1] and second-order [2] reversible ones, and first-order
3] and second-order [4] irreve
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