荔大县地裂缝危险性区划大学本科论文.doc

摘 要 大荔县地裂缝最早出现于上世纪70年代，地裂缝成因复杂多样，是活动断裂、降雨、地下水活动和人类工程活动（农田灌溉）等多种因素作用下的一种综合效应。 本文采用层次分析法3个区划评价因素。 综合上述研究基础并结合大荔县地裂缝灾害的现状和特征基于软件平台对大荔县地裂缝进行危险性区划并编制大荔县地裂缝危险性区划图系 关键词大荔县地裂缝层次分析法危险性区划  ABSTRACT Dali County ground fissure first appeared in the 1970s, whose cause is complex and diverse geneses. It is a comprehensive effect of multiple factors under rainfall, groundwater activities and human activity (irrigation), etc. This dissertation uses the AHP to do the risk zoning of the Dali County ground fissure. According to the available data and the field survey, we summed up the cracks in the Dali County spatial distribution development features and distribution rules through analysising Dali County regional geological environmental characteristics. On this foundation, the author proposed the goal, significance, method of the Dali County ground fissure hazard zonation. Seizing the essence that the non-uniform deformation of the shallow soil layer caused the occurrence of ground fissures, we established the Dali County ground fissure hazard zonation evaluation index system through selecting 13 factors such as the topography, the type of rock and soil, the density of ground fissures, the activity of ground fissures and so on. Based on the above studies, bonding the ground fissure disaster the present situation and the characteristic in Dali County, taking advanced MapGIS as the platform, the Dali County ground fissure disaster risky area to delimit the chart department is established by superimposing the geological project layer. KEY WORDS: Dali County, ground fissure, analytic hierarchy process, risk zoning 目 录 第一章 绪论 1 1.1 选题背景及研究意义 1 1.1.1 地裂缝简述 1 1.1.2 研究目的及意义 1 1.2 国内外地裂缝研究现状与进展 2 1.3 本文主要研究内容和技术路线 3 1.3.1 研究内容 3 1.3.2 研究技术路线 3 第二章 地理概况及环境地质背景 5 2.1 自然地理概况 5 2.1.1 位置交通 5 2.1.2 经济社会发展概况 6 2.1.3 气象特征 7 2.1.4 水文特征 10 2.2 环境地质背景 11 2.2.1 地形地貌 11 2.2.2 地层岩性 13 2.2.3 地质构造 14 2.2.4 新构造运动与地震 15 2.2.5 水文地质条件 16 2.3 人类工程活动 17 ·第三章 大荔县地区地裂缝分布