论清代存留养亲制度 毕业论文.doc

Abstract “Support Lineal Elders” system, it is called “Support” for short, it means that no one could take care of the offenders’ parents or grandparents except the perpetrators themselves, who are given death penalty、banishment or imprisonment, they would not be execute previously punishment for the moment conditionally. Therefore, if it is not a capital crime which should be avoidable can not be pardoned. If the offenders are sentenced by banishment, they could free form the punishment. It could execute suspended sentence before set term of imprisonment, and restart the implementation of punishment after their parents or grandparents die. The origin of “Support Lineal Elders” system is from Taihe year twelve Northern Wei Emperor Xiaowen, and revoke in late Qing dynasty, it lasted for 1400 years, which is a forward of Confucian legalization. This text is begin with history of the system, base on the dynasty’s description which before Qing to comprehend the system. Focus on the origin and development of “Support Lineal Elders” system in Qing dynasty. Through explore the statutes and regulations, embodied the ancient Confucianism. Go deep into discussing the system that how to apply to and the historical Status of ancient law. While comparing and analyzing the system in various dynasties, to sum up that the prominent changes in Qing dynasty and the reference for the modern legal system. Key words: Qing dynasty; Retained to support the elders; Statutes and Regulations 论清代“存留养亲”制度 “存留养亲”制度是我国古代法律体系中重要的法律制度。“存留养亲”制度是指古代犯徒、流、死刑的人家中有直系亲属，如（外）祖父母、父母需要照顾并且除了犯罪人以外没有成年子孙，可以上请皇帝，若犯的死罪不是十恶的重罪，则可以从宽处理，免于死刑。若犯的是徒刑，则可以暂不收监。若犯的是流刑，则可以免于发遣。在罪犯对其尊长养老送终后再按规定进行处置。 “存留养亲”制度是封建王朝为巩固其统治地位而设立的，是中国古代重要且特别的刑法制度。在封建统治者“孝”治天下。而存留养亲”制度。正如儒家所说的那样，，有条件地释放一些……家国和谐的思想可谓构成了中国古代和谐法律思想的政治基石。”“以儒家经义作为刑事立法的指导思想，适应孝道的要求，必然会形成‘存留养亲’这一刑法制度。”因此，在“存留养亲”制度产生的社会和思想背景下可以知道，一定程度下实行“存留养亲”制度是解决当时社会的基本民生问题的途径之一，统治者释放了一些本应受到制裁的罪犯从而使其创造更多的生产价值。因此“存留养亲”制度的产生也是当时社会需求和发展的必然结果。 （二）“存留养亲”制度在清代以前的发展 1．“存