英语被动语态用法全解讲述.ppt

Passive Voice Form Be + 过去分词 I clean the window. The window is cleaned by me. 根据时态的不同，被动语态中的Be动词可以有各种变化： 被动语态的用法 （主要用于下面） 1、动词的实施者不用出现（by后面省略） a. 不知道动作的实施者 The president has been murdered. b. 谁是实施者并不重要 My car has been moved. 2、 动作实施者很明显，没必要提到 The rubbish hasn’t been collected. Your hand will be X-rayed. 3、当动作的实施者是泛指人们时： 常有两种被动语态： People believe that he is honest. I型被动： It is believed that he is honest. II 型被动： He is believed to be honest. 这类动词有：acknowledge, assume, believe, claim, consider, estimate, feel, find, know, presume, report, say, think等 4、主动词的主语是不定代词one, you ,they时，我们常用被动 One/ you see this kind of advertisement everywhere. 改为： This kind of advertisement is seen everywhere. They are building a new public library in our town. A new public library is being built in our town. 5、在主从句中，使用被动语态可以避免改换句子主语 主动 被动 When he arrived home, the police arrested him. When he arrived home, he was arrested. When their mother was ill, neighbors looked after the children. When their mother was ill, the children were looked after by neighbor. 没有被动语态的情况 1、不及物动词 He looks fine. 2、某些及物动词不能有被动语态 The room can hold 100 people. 100 people can be held ?? These students lack experience. Experience is lacked by the students ?? 类似have的静态动词一般没有被动。 3、某些反身代词做宾语的词组 He applied himself to the task. 被动句的结构 1、词组动词 孩子受到了很好的照顾，你就放心（look after) 这个案件正在调查中 （look into) 这个药很快就生效了（take effect) 2、动词+名词+介词结构 过去这些书一直受到人们很好的爱惜（take good care of) 授受动词的被动语态 Someone gave me a gift. I was given a gift. A gift was given to me. 静态被动 I locked the door two minutes ago. The door was locked by me two minutes ago. Now the door was locked. The window was broken. 主动结构表达被动 Generally speaking, passive meaning should be expressed by passive voice. The verbs in the passive voice should be transitive verbs. Intransitive verbs can not be used in the passive voice. But some intransitive verbs used in SV(A) patterns express passive meanings. --- Nylon dries quickly. --- This poem reads well. --- The