小议人民币国际结算 毕业论文.doc

中文摘要 近年来，中国作为当今世界最大的经济体和对外贸易体之一，经济得到快速发展，而人民币在中国与周边国家的贸易中也得到了越来越广泛的应用，这一现实促使人们对人民币国际结算问题给予了越来越多的关注。本文首先从国际结算货币理论进行综述，其次从历史经验的角度回顾了主要几种国际结算货币的发展史及其原因，紧接着分析总结了人民币国际结算的背景、现状及存在的问题，然后从微观宏观两个方面重点分析人民币国际结算的经济效益，进而得出推进人民币国际结算的几点建议，包括：要逐步建立高效统一的结算清算体系的同时建设好以香港为基地的人民币离岸金融中心以及完善好外汇管理政策与境内外流通渠道，并且要增强对人民币跨境流动的监管。 关键词:人民币，国际结算，国际结算货币 Abstract As one of the important economic power and international trading country in the world, China’s economy has developed in a rapid pace recently. With RMB being accepted and adopted as the currency for settlement in international trade between China and other countries, interest has been increasingly drawn to the issue of international settlement of RMB. This thesis first introduces the theories on currency for international settlement, and presents a review of the development and reasons of several international currencies for settlement from the historical perspective. Then the following chapter introduces the background and present statue of international settlement of RMB and analyzes the existing problems. At last focus has been settled on the microcosmic and macroscopical analyses of the financial benefits of international settlement of RMB in order to offer some suggestions, such as to build a Hong Kong-based offshore financial centers as well as gradually establish an efficient and unified clearing settlement system, to improve the policy of foreign exchange management and abroad distribution channels and to strengthen the supervision of cross-border movement of RMB. Keywords: RMB，international settlement，international currencies for settlement 引 言 美国次贷危机引发的全球金融危机爆发以来，以美元为核心的国际货币体系普遍遭到质疑，改革之声此起彼伏。减少对美元的依赖，让人民币走出国门并在国际货币体系中占有一席之地成为我国面对全球复杂金融形势的应时之举。与此同时，中国经济稳健强劲增长，人民币保持相对稳定，也为人民币国际结算提供了良好的契机。2009年4月国务院决定在上海、广州、深圳、东莞和珠海五个城市率先开展试点工作，境外区域范围暂定为港澳地区和东盟国家。同年7月，中国人民银行会同各部委联合发布了《跨境人民币结算试点管理办法》，这些配套措施的相应出台也标志着人民币跨境结算正式拉开帷幕。 国际结算货币相关理论 (一) 国际贸易结算货币选择理论综述 1. 出口商品的差异性、市场地位决定结算货币 美国经济学家Mckinnon(1979)发现在选择何