词类转换法讲述.ppt

琼州学院外国语学院 CHAPTER 7 Conversion Conversion of Word Classes In translation, a word in one language belonging to a certain word class is not necessarily translated into one of the same class in another language, i.e., no correspondence of the same word class between two languages is necessary in translation. According to English syntax, there is usually one finite verb in a simple sentence or an individual clause. Abstract nouns (denoting actions, manners, qualities, feelings, etc.) or gerunds are often used for verbs. The frequent use of the nominal style is one of the features of English. In Chinese, two or more verbs instead of abstract nouns are usually used together or separately in one sentence. Indeed, what is expressed in the verbal style in Chinese is very often expressed in the nominal style in English. Keeping this general principle in mind, we can easily handle the conversion of word classes. I. Conversion of English nouns 1.1 Conversion from English Nouns into Chinese Verbs Nouns or nominal forms, especially action nouns and other abstract nouns, find their wider use in English while verbs or multi-verbal forms are much preferred in Chinese. This is one of the important differences between the two languages. In translation, therefore, the conversion of English nouns into Chinese verbs, and subsequently English adjectives into Chinese adverbs, becomes one of the techniques frequently employed for smooth representation in idiomatic Chinese. Reference answers 从他的办公室窗口一眼就可看到华盛顿纪念碑和林肯纪念馆的全景。 我会说，我一想起你就恶心，你对我简直太残忍了。 看到我们的喷气式飞机，听到隆隆的机声，令我特别神往。 1.4 Conversion from English Nouns into Chinese Adjectives 1. I have full assurance of the reliability of the information. 2. Investigation assured us of the soundness of the plan. 3. It is a certainty that China will become even stronger in the years to come. 我完全相信这条消息是可靠的。 通过调查，我们确信这个计划是合理的。 中国在今后的岁月里将会变得更加强大，这是确定无疑的。 II Conversion of English Adjectives 2.1 Conversion from English Adjectives into Chinese