语法专题之非谓语结构讲述.ppt

注意：现在分词作状语的几个特性。 ①时间性。与谓语动词同时发生，用一般时，如发生在谓语动作之前时则用完成式having done。 ②语态性。与句子的主语之间的关系，是主谓关系或动宾关系。遵循的规则“主动进行，被动完成”。 ③人称一致性。分词的逻辑主语就是句子的主语。 He glanced over at her, ______ that though she was tiny, she seemed very well put together. noting B. noted C. to note D. having noted 2. ______ the programme, they have to stay there for another two weeks. Not completing B. Not completed C. Not completing D. Not having completed 3．The manager, _______ it clear to us that he didn’t agree with us, left the meeting room. A．who has made B．having made C．made D．making 4．The storm left , ______a lot of damage to this area . A．caused B．to have caused C．to cause D．having caused 5．______from other continents for millions of years ,Australia has many plants and animals not found in any other country in the world. A．Being separated B．Having separated C．Having been separated D．To be separated 2. 现在分词作定语 1. The picture_____ on the wall is painted by my nephew. A. having hung B. hanging C. hangs D. being hung 2．Reading is an experience quite different from watching TV; there are pictures _____ in your mind instead of before your eyes. A. to form B. form C. forming D. having formed 3. The flowers ____ sweet in the botanic garden attract the visitors to the beauty of nature. A. to smell B. smelling C. smelt D. to be smelt （二）过去分词 1. 过去分词作状语 过去分词作状语，相当于一个状语从句，用来说明原因、时间、条件等。 （1）过去分词作原因状语 Tired by the trip, he soon felt asleep. Lost in thought , he almost ran into a car. （2）作时间状语 Seen from the hill, the city looks like a garden. （3）作条件状语 Given more time, I would have worked out the problem. （4）伴随状语 The teacher came in, followed by some students. 分词短语作状语时，通常与主句中的主语在逻辑上一致，但有时它也可以有自己独立的逻辑上的主语，这种结构称为独立主格结构。如： Her grandfather being ill, she had to stay at home looking after him. 1．______ with the size of the whole earth , the biggest ocean does not se