94年10月gre考试阅读真题解析(A)-智课教育旗下智课教育.pdf

智 课 网 G R E 备 考 资 料 94年10月gre考试阅读真题解析(A)-智课教育旗下智课 教育 新gre考试阅读中对于逻辑题的考生是一个重点，但真题也不容错 过。复习gre考试阅读的时候，gre考生应该以往年的真题为复习材料， 从真题中总结阅读规律和特点才是制胜法宝。 新gre考试阅读中对于逻辑题的考生是一个重点，但真题也不容错 过。接下来的几天给大家整理了历届gre考试阅读真题及解析，下面这 篇是1994年10月gre考试阅读真题SECTION A部分。复习gre考试阅读 的时候，gre考生应该以往年的真题为复习材料，从真题中总结阅读规 律和特点才是制胜法宝。 The Fourteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution, ratified in 1868, prohibits state governments from denying citizens the “equal protection of the laws.” Although precisely what the framers of the amendment meant by this equal protection clause remains unclear, all interpreters agree that the framers’ immediate objective was to provide a constitutional warrant for the Civil Rights Act of 1866, which guaranteed the citizenship of all persons born in the United States and subject to United States jurisdiction. This declaration, which was echoed in the text of the Fourteenth Amendment, was designed primarily to counter the Supreme Court’s ruling in Dred Scott v. Sandford that Black people in the United States could be denied citizenship. The act was vetoed by President Andrew Johnson, who argued that the Thirteenth Amendment, which abolished slavery, did not provide Congress with the authority to extend citizenship and equal protection to the freed slaves. Although Congress promptly overrode Johnson’s veto, supporters of the act sought to ensure its constitutional foundations with the passage of the Fourteenth Amendment. The broad language of the amendment strongly suggests that its framers were proposing to write into the Constitution not a laundry list (laundry list: n.细目清单) of specific civil rights but a principle of equal citizenship that forbids organized society from treating any individual as a member of an inferior class. Yet for the first eight decades of the amendment’s existence, the Supreme Court’s interpretation of the amendment betrayed this ideal of equality. In the Civil Rights Cases of 1883, for example, the Court invented the “state action” limitation, whic