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Alleviation of salt-induced stress on seed emergence using soil additives in
Plant and Soil (2005) 268: 303–307 ? Springer 2005
DOI 10.1007/s11104-004-0313-5
Alleviation of salt-induced stress on seed emergence using soil additives in
a greenhouse
Stephanie L. Neid1,3 David D. Biesboer2
1Colorado Natural Heritage Program, 254 General Services Building, Ft. Collins, CO 80523-8002, USA.
2Department of Plant Biology, 250 Biological Sciences Center, 1445 Gortner Avenue, St. Paul, MN 55108, USA.
3Corresponding author?
Received 2 February 2004. Accepted in revised form 13 May 2004
Key words: Bouteloua gracilis, emergence, Poa pratensis, Puccinellia distans, salt tolerance
Abstract
Use of sodium chloride (NaCl) as a deicing salt results in high concentrations of ions in roadside soils, which
decreases seedling emergence in these areas. Greenhouse experiments performed in soil culture tested the efficacy
of three soil fertilizers, gypsum (CaSO4), potash (potassium chloride, KCl) and potassium nitrate (KNO3), in
alleviating NaCl stress on seedling emergence of three grass species exhibiting a range of salt tolerance, Poa
pratensis (Kentucky bluegrass), Bouteloua gracilis (blue grama), and Puccinellia distans (alkali grass). Two-factor
factorial designs were utilized for each species-fertilizer combination. Treatments of 5000 mg/L (0.086 M) NaCl
with or without fertilizer, in concentrations that were equal to 0.5, 1, and 2 times the molar equivalent of 5000 mg/L
NaCl were applied biweekly. Salt stress on Poa pratensis emergence was alleviated by all fertilizers with CaSO4
having the greatest effect in alleviating NaCl stress and potash and potassium nitrate alleviating stress at lower
treatment levels. Emergence of Bouteloua gracilis and Puccinellia distans was in most cases negatively effected
by soil amendments.
Introduction
Accumulation of sodium chloride (NaCl) in soils is
one factor that hampers plant establishment along
roadsides in regions where deicing salts are used to
improve winter driving conditions. NaCl is the most
widely used deicing c
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