Alcohol and Liver Disease 4395.pdf

Alcohol and Liver Disease Drinking too much alcohol can lead to three types of liver conditions - fatty liver, hepatitis, and cirrhosis. You are unlikely to develop these problems if you drink within the recommended safe limits detailed below. For all types of liver disease caused by alcohol, the main treatment is to stop drinking alcohol completely. What does the liver do? The liver is in the upper right part of the abdomen. Its functions include: Storing glycogen, a chemical made from sugars. When required, glycogen is broken down into glucose which is released into the bloodstream. Helping to process fats and proteins from digested food. Making proteins that are essential for blood to clot (clotting factors). Processing many medicines which you may take. Helping to remove or process alcohol, poisons and toxins from the body. Making bile which passes from the liver to the gut and helps to digest fats. What happens when you drink alcohol? When you drink alcohol, it is absorbed into the bloodstream from the stomach and intestines. All blood from the stomach and intestines first goes through the liver before circulating around the whole body. So, the highest concentration of alcohol is in the blood flowing through the liver. Liver cells contain enzymes (chemicals) which process (metabolise) alcohol. The enzymes break down alcohol into other chemicals which in turn are then broken down into water and carbon dioxide. These are then passed out in the urine and from the lungs. The liver cells can process only a certain amount of alcohol per hour. So, if you drink alcohol faster than your liver can deal with it, the level of alcohol in your bloodstream rises. What are the problems of drinking too much alcohol? Your liver and body can usually cope with drinking a small amount of alcohol. Indeed, drinking a small amount of alcohol (1-2 units per day) may help to prevent heart disease and stroke. However, drinking over the recommended limits (detailed below) can be harmful.