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Batch-Mixed Iron Treatment of High Arsenic Waters
Wat. Res. Vol. 35, No. 18, pp. 4474–4479, 2001 r 2001 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved Printed in Great Britain 0043-1354/01/$ - see front matterPII: S0043-1354(01)00168-3 RESEARCH NOTE BATCH-MIXED IRON TREATMENT OF HIGH ARSENIC WATERS ANURADHA RAMASWAMI*, SANTHITI TAWACHSUPA and MEHMET ISLEYEN Department of Civil Engineering, University of Colorado, Denver, CO 80217, USA (First received 1 May 2000; accepted in revised form 1 March 2001) AbstractFThis paper develops batch-mixed treatment with zero-valent iron as a point-of-use technology, appropriate for arsenic removal from water stored within rural homes in Bangladesh and West Bengal, India, where arsenic poisoning has affected an estimated 20 million people. Batch tests with iron yielded the following results: (1) High arsenic removal (93%) was achieved from highly arsenated waters (2000mg/L) over short contact times (0.5–3 h) with iron filings added at doses ranging from 2500 to 625mg/L; (2) Most rapid arsenic removal was observed in head-space free systems with sulphates present in solution, while phosphate buffers were observed to inhibit arsenic removal by iron; (3) The arsenic removed from water was found to be strongly bound to the elemental iron filings, such that the treated water could be decanted and iron could be reused at least 100 times; (4) Some iron dissolved into water over the contact period, at concentrations ranging from 100 to 300mg/L, which are within safe drinking water limits. These results indicate that, with appropriate assessment of water chemistry in the affected region, treatment with metallic iron followed by simple decantation can be used as a practical, in-home, point-of-use technique for reducing human exposure to arsenic in drinking water. r 2001 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved Key wordsFarsenic, zero-valent iron, point-of-use technology INTRODUCTION Arsenic poisoning of drinking water has created a devastating health crisis affecting much of the rural Banglades
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