有哪些信誉好的足球投注网站Biodegradation of Short-Chain n-Alkanes in Oil Sands Tailings under Methanogenic Conditions.pdf
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Biodegradation of Short-Chain n-Alkanes in Oil Sands Tailings under Methanogenic Conditions
Biodegradation of Short-Chain
n-Alkanes in Oil Sands Tailings
under Methanogenic Conditions
T A R I Q S I D D I Q U E , P H I L L I P M . F E D O R A K ,
A N D J U L I A M . F O G H T *
Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta,
Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2E9, Canada
The biodegradation of a mixture of low molecular weight
n-alkanes (C6, C7, C8, and C10) was assessed under
methanogenic conditions using mature fine tailings (MFT)
produced by the oil sands industry in Alberta, Canada.
Microorganisms present in the MFT mineralized the added
n-alkane mixture, producing 16.2 ((0.3) or 20.5 ((0.1)
mmol of methane in the headspace of microcosms spiked
with 0.2% or 0.5% w/v n-alkanes, respectively, during 29
weeks of incubation. The spiked n-alkanes biodegraded in
the sequence C10 C8 C7 C6. Degradation of 100%
C10, 97% C8, 74% C7, and 44% C6 occurred in a mixture of
n-alkanes in the MFT spiked at 0.2% after 25 weeks of
incubation. The same pattern of biodegradation was also
observed in the MFT spiked with 0.5% n-alkanes.
Stoichiometric calculations confirmed the mineralization
of the degraded n-alkanes to methane. This study showed
that the short-chain n-alkanes, which comprise a
significant portion of the unrecovered naphtha used in
bitumen extraction and released into the settling basins,
can be biodegraded into methane. These findings may
influence decisions regarding extraction processes and long-
term management of MFT, and they suggest that intrinsic,
methanogenic metabolism of these n-alkanes may
occur in other anoxic environments.
Introduction
Enormous volumes of tailings are produced during the
recovery of bitumen from Alberta oils sands. In 2005, total
production of crude bitumen reached 1 million barrels per
day, accounting for 50% of Canadian oil production (Ca-
nadian Association of Petroleum Producers, http://en.wiki-
/wiki/Athabasca?Tar?Sands), and it is estimated
that by 2015 Canadian oil production may reach 4 million
barrels per day. With the e
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