Chapter 6 Comprehension of References.ppt

Chapter 6 Comprehension of References Pronouns act as the important device of cohesion in texts. The use frequency of English pronouns is higher than that of the Chinese pronouns. Anaphoric reference--- a word in a text refers back to other ideas in the text for its meaning Cataphoric reference--- a word refers to ideas later in the text Chapter 6 Comprehension of References I went out with Jo on Sunday. She looked awful. John can open Bill’s safe. He knows the combination. There was a zoo in Jim’s town. It was small. Chapter 6 Comprehension of References Because she will be studying in the US next year, Mary needs to learn English. Perhaps I shouldn’t tell you this, but when I was young I had hair down to my waist! Chapter 6 Comprehension of References It had been damaged; when he lifted it, he heard something clink feebly inside. He set it back on the ground. 那东西摔坏了。他拿起来，听见里面叮当直响，就又放回地上。 Chapter 6 Comprehension of References The sparkling of the water around him (a fish) and the sound of it cascading over the creek bed made me weak and I woke suddenly, convulsed. I knew the fish. I knew the place. I set out immediately. 它周围的水，噗噜噗噜地冒着气泡，水声一阵阵传到小河河底，让我浑身发软，我一阵痉挛，突然醒了。我知道这种鱼。我知道那地方。我立刻向那里走去。 Chapter 6 Comprehension of References Cary Sloane’s body was found next morning on the lower shelf of a pillar of Queensboro Bridge. In the darkness and in his excitement he had thought that it was the water flowing black beneath him, but in less than a second it made no possible difference--- unless he had planned to think one last thought of Edna, and call out her name as he struggled feebly in the water. 第二天早上，卡里·斯隆的尸体在昆斯波罗桥桥墩下面的一个架子上被发现了。一方面因为是在黑暗中，一方面也因为他太激动，他误以为那桥墩架子就是脚下流过的黑乎乎的河水，可是不到一秒钟，这就不可能有什么不同了——除非他打算再最后想念一下埃德娜，并且在水中软弱无力地做最后挣扎的时候呼唤她的名字。 Chapter 6 Comprehension of References To parliamentarians trained in British terminology, “the government” means the cabinet: a group of the legislature’s own members, chosen by it to devise public policies, to manage the legislature’s