美国英语会话技巧分解.pptx

Informal and Formal Speech Sun Jing 21, Mar. 2016 Opening Closing Opening a conversation and bringing a conversation to an end are essential parts of our everyday language. In English we tend to use formal speech with strangers and people of higher status, and informal speech with family, friends, and colleagues. Opening Closing formal speech: embedding (building information into sentences, also characteristic of written language) informal speech: omissions, elisions, reductions, a faster speaking rate Opening Closing Informal Sorry, gotta go. Wanna beer? He’s a pain in the neck. Formal I’m afraid I’ve got to be going now. Could I offer you a beer? He has not been easy to deal with. Greetings Good morning. How nice to see you! What a pleasant surprise! Hello, Robbert. How are you? Hi, Bob. How’ve you been? What’s happening? What’s new? How are you doing? How you doing? Long time, no see. Responses Good morning. Yes, it’s been quite a while. Hello, Kathryn. Fine, thanks. And you? Hi, Kathy. Pretty good. Not much. Nothing. OK. Not bad. Yeah! More formal Less formal Preclosings I’m afraid I have to be going. It’s been a pleasure. Thank you for the advice. It was nice to see you. Well, it’s getting late. I know you’re busy… Nice to see you again. Thanks for coming. Maybe we could get together sometime. Great seeing you. I’ve really got to go. Got to go now. Responses Thank you for coming. Yes, I’ve enjoyed it. My pleasure. It was good to see you. Maybe we can talk again. Nice to see you. It was fun. Sounds good. Same here. OK. See you. See you again. More formal Less formal Closings Until the next time… Good night, Bill. Good-bye, Harry. Have a nice (weekend). Talk to you later. See you later. Responses Good-bye. Good night, Jean. Good-bye, Lisa. You, too. Bye. Take it easy. So long. Take care. More formal Less formal Situation 1 (Example) A and B are old friends. They see each other again after four years. A has an important meeting and can’t talk long. (Yo