定语从句关系副词讲解及练习.doc

定语从句中关系副词的用法 关系副词，顾名思义，是联系先行词和定语从句的词，属于副词。定语从句中的关系副词有三个：when, where和why，它们在定语从句中分别作时间、地点和原因状语。其句法结构如下：? 表时间的名词 + when + 定语从句? when指时间，在定语从句中作时间状语。 例句：I still remember the day when I first came to Beijing.????? I’ll never forget the day when I joined the army.? 表地点的名词 + where + 定语从句? where指地点，在定语从句中作地点状语。例句：The factory where his father works is in the west of the city.????? This is the house where I lived two years ago.? 表原因的名词reason + why + 定语从句(why只用于reason之后的限制性定语从句中,在定语从句中作原因状语。)例句：That is the reason why I did the job.(在现代英语中why可以省略)? 上句也可以这样表示：????? That is the reason I did the job.?又如：???? This was the reason (why )we raised the temperature.关系副词在定语从句中的用法看似简单，以下注意点不可忽视：1）“when”、“where”和“why”的运用取就于表时间的名词、表地点的名词和表原因的名词reason在定语从句中所作的成分，比较下面的几组句子：*I will never forget the day when I first met you on the seashore.*I will never forget the days which/that we spent together in Xueyao Middle School.**This is the hospital where my mother works.**This is the hospital which/that we visited the day before yesterday.***The reason why he did not go to school is that he was ill.***This is the reason which/that he gave his boss in the office .2) “when”、“where”和“why”都可以替换成“介词 + which”，介词的选用取就于先行词和定语从句中的动词。例如：Do you still remember the day on which we first met in Nantong?(on which=when)This is the room in which we lived last year.(in which=where)Do you know the reason for which he refused to go to Mary’s birthday party. (for which=why)有时定语从句中介词短语和动词有意义紧密的修饰关系，尤其在非限制性定语从句中，常使用“介词 + which”结构，而不使用关系副词。例如：My mother works in a factory, in front of which there is a small river.At night the soldiers got to a small hill, at the foot of which stood a farmhouse.3) 关系副词“when”、“where”既可引导限制性定语从句，也可引导非限制性定语从句。? 例如：I will always remember the day when I first visited the Great Wall.????? He came to Shanghai in 1980, when he was only 12.????? I don’t know the exact spot where they will meet.????? Mr Wang will fly to Beijing, where he will stay for three months.有