某煤化合成氨厂原料车间粉尘防治对策研究（设计）_毕业设计.doc

本科毕业论文（设计） 题目： 某煤化合成氨原料车间粉尘防治对策研究 姓 名： 学号： 院（系）： 工程学院 专业： 安全工程 2014 年 6 月 摘要 粉尘对接尘人员的危害历时已久，在宋朝就有记载“石末伤肺”，采石人的肺部患病是由石末导致的。随着工业化的不断发展，粉尘危害日益严重，尘肺病已成为我国职业病中新发病例和累计病例数最多的病种。 受我国能源资源状况的影响，我国合成氨行业主要以煤为原料，采用煤气化合成氨技术。在原料煤的存储、加工及输送过程中会产生大量粉尘，对作业人员的身体健康产生危害。该行业存在经营者对职业卫生法律法规意识淡薄，原料多为粉末性物质，卫生防护措施不到位，作业场所中粉尘浓度较高等问题，造成该行业粉尘危害情况日益严重。 本文对某煤化合成氨原料车间的粉尘危害现状进行了调查分析，通过了解该车间的生产工艺和主要设备，分析该车间的主要产尘原因，为粉尘检测做好准备工作。为了更好的消除、控制粉尘危害，并希望能对煤化行业的粉尘治理提供参考，本文依照GBZ/T159-2004《工作场所空气中有害物质监测的采样规范》相关规定对某合成氨厂原料1#、2#、3#车间进行了粉尘检测，并依据GBZ/T192《工作场所空气中粉尘测定》对样品进行质量浓度和游离二氧化硅含量进行了分析，并对不符合国家标准的地点提出了粉尘治理对策。 关键字：粉尘危害 尘肺病 粉尘 合成氨行业 治理对策 Abstract The harm of dust on the person who work at the place contain dust lasted for a long time,in the song dynasty recorded quarrying lung disease is caused by the dust of stone. With the continuous development of industrialization, dust hazard is becoming more and more serious,pneumoconiosis disease has become a disease which the number of new cases and the cumulative cases is most in our country`s occupational disease. In the influence of the energy resources in China, the synthetic ammonia industry in our country is mainly take coal as raw material,adopts the technology of the coal gasification ammonia.In the process of raw material coal`s storage,processing and transport will produce a lot of dust,harmful to the health of workers.The industry exists many problems,such as weak consciousness of operators for occupational health laws and regulations,the raw material mostly is powder material,more health protection were in place,dust concentration is too high in the workplaces,caused the dust damage situation is becoming more and more serious in this industry. In this paper, a project and the present conditions of the synthetic ammonia raw material workshop dust hazard investigation and analysis, through understanding the production technology and main equipment of the workshop, this paper analyzes the reasons of producing dust