剑-遗传雄性罗非鱼规模化育种技术全面突破.docVIP

PAGE  PAGE 8 八年磨一“剑” 遗传雄性罗非鱼规模化育种技术全面突破 张海明＊ 杨永铨 陈远生 鹭业水产有限公司 510860 30年前，杨永铨根据生理遗传学原理，提出了人工控制罗非鱼遗传性别二系和三系配套的应用理论，并以莫桑比克罗非鱼为材料，在世界上首先获得YY型超雄罗非鱼和XY型全雄鱼。现在我们又经过八年努力，进一步建成了XX♀-XY♂机制的尼罗鱼YY△♀/ YY♂大型亲本库和WZ♀-ZZ♂机制的奥利亚ZZ△♀/ ZZ♂大型亲本库，还依此构建了YY△♀×YY♂、YY△♀×ZZ♂或ZZ△♀×YY♂、ZZ△♀×ZZ♂3个超雄罗非鱼繁育系和XX♀× YY♂等3个雄性罗非鱼繁育系。通过对罗非鱼性别基因显隐性关系研究，推翻了一些传统观点，并据此建立起全球唯一的YY型超雄罗非鱼自我繁育体系，开辟了一条更加先进、简便、实用的产生YY型超雄鱼的新途径。上述亲本库和繁育系的建成，对于扩增单雄性罗非鱼养殖对象、解除长期困扰罗非鱼雄性苗的荷尔蒙问题、保证食品安全必将产生深远的影响。 Eight Years Effort Pays OffTechnical Breakthrough in Mass Production of Genetic Male Tilapia Fry Zhang Haiming Yang Yongquan ChenYuansheng Luye Fisherries Co.,Ltd. Thirty years ago, Yang Yongquan brought forth the theory and approach on acquiring genetic super male tilapia through the application of three-line hybridization. This technique had been referred to internationally as YY/GMT. In the recent 8 years, we have established two large YY♀/ YY♂ and ZZ♀/ ZZ♂ parent stock banks. Based on these, Three super male tilapia breeding lines, the YY♀-YY♂and ZZ♀-YY♂, ZZ△♀×ZZ♂ and Three male tilapia breeding lines such as,XX♀- YY♂ etc were constructed. Moreover, we have achieved important breakthrough in the research on relationship between dominant and recessive genes on tilapia chromosome, which overturned traditional theory and help us development a unique YY super male tilapia natural breeding line. Thus a new YY/GMT approach is developed, which is simpler than two-line hybridization approach. This breeding line, like all nature tilapia colony, will have natural reproduction unceasingly, and their offspring will have 50% YY♂ and 50% female each. The construction of the parent stock banks and the setting up of breeding lines bear profound significance to ensuring green and safety tilapia culture, resolving hormone overuse problem in tilapia male fry, and promoting food safety. ＊张海明：教授、博士生导师；鹭业水产有限公司副董事长、总工程师。 1．罗非鱼产品源头中的隐患 1.1喜忧参半的罗非鱼产业 近10年，中国罗非鱼产业迅速崛起,好消息连年频传：中国已成为世界上最大的罗非鱼养殖国；中国已成为世界上最大的罗非鱼出口国；美国已成为中国罗非鱼的最大进口国；墨西哥已一跃成为中国罗