非谓语动词讲义自编教材.doc

PAGE  PAGE 12 非谓语动词讲义 Ⅰ. 非谓语动词的形式及含义 不定式 主动 被动 一般式 完成式 进行式 完成进行式 动词的-ing 主动 被动 一般式 完成式 过去分词 Ⅱ.主语: 不定式和动名词 不定式 To see is to believe. Not to get there in time is your fault. 注：常用it做形式主语，将to do放在位于之后，使句子保持平衡。 句型1：It + 谓语 + to do It takes us an hour ___ get there by bus. 句型2：It’s + n. + to do It’s our duty __ help the poor. It is a great enjoyment __ spend our holiday in the mountains 句型3：It is adj. for/of sb. to do sth. It is + adj + for sb to do sth It is + adj + of sb to do sth It is easy ______me to finish this work before ten. It is a great honor _____us to be present at your birthday party. It is very kind _____you to give me some help. Its impolite _____you to speak to the teacher like that. ＝you are impolite to speak to the teacher like that.　 动名词 1）.Seeing is believing 2）.Learning languages is very useful to me. 3）.Reading aloud in the reading-room is a bad habit. 4）.It’s no use talking like that Note: .动名词的复合结构 动名词前可以加一个 物主代词或 名词所有格来表示 这个动名词逻辑上的主语 ，构成动名词的复合结构或动名词短语 1).物主代词 / 名词所有格 + 动名词在句中作主语: Mary`s coming late made her teacher angry. Do you mind my smoking? Do you mind my reading your paper? Their coming to help was a great encouragement to us. Rose’s going won’t be of much help. 2).人称代词宾格 / 名词 + 动名词在句中作宾语: I`m sure of him coming on time. He has never heard of a woman being a pilot. I don’t mind Jack (him) going. She hates young people (them) smoking. Ⅲ 宾语：不定式和动名词 1. 接不定式做宾语 I want to know this matter . I don’t expect to meet you here. 常见动词有： like, demand, expect, promise, begin, determine, refuse, offer, fail, manage, learn, seem, intend, prefer, forget, mean, prepare, pretend, continue, start, afford, hate等 1.） They wanted ____( get ) on the bus, didn’t they? 2.） He said he wished ______( be ) a professor. 3.） I agreed______ ( go ) there with the doctor. 4.） My daughter