5种简单句讲解.ppt

Five Types of Simple Sentences 简单句的五种类型;十大词类(Parts of Speech) 英语中的词可以根据词义，句法作用和形式特征分为十大词类：名词、代词、动词、形容词、副词、介词、冠词、连词、数词、感叹词。 ;词类;需要弄清楚的几个概念： 1、及物动词(vt.)：后面带有宾语，意思才能完整。 eg. They want some books. He is reading a book. 2、不及物动词(vi.)：本身意义完整，不需跟宾语。 　 eg. Birds fly. He works in the factory. 　 3、系动词：系动词本身虽有一定的词义，但不完整，不 能单独作谓语，必须和作表语的词语(如形容词,名词 等)连用,构成谓语。如：be (是), look(看起来像), become (成为,变得)等。 eg. They are teachers. He became very interested in science.　 ;句子成分(Elements of the Sentence) 组成句子的各个部分叫句子???分，主要有：主语、谓语、表语、宾语、定语、状语、补语、插入语、同位语等，其中主语和谓语是句子的主要成分。 ;句子成分;主语:表示句子说的是什么人或什么事, 谓语:说明主语做什么，是什么或怎么样 宾语: 表示动作行为的对象 宾语补足语:补充宾语的成分 表语:说明主语的性质或特征,位于系动词之后。 以上的成分称为基本句子成分。完整的句子一般至少包含2--4个基本成分。 ;定语：修饰名词或代词的词、短语或从句称为定语 定语可由以下等成分表示： Guilin is a beautiful city. China is a developing country; America is a developed country. There are thirty women teachers is our school. His rapid progress in English made us surprised. Our monitor is always the first to enter the classroom. The teaching plan for next term has been worked out. He is reading an article about how to learn English. Tom is a boy who likes music very much. ;状语：修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子， 说明动作或状态特征的句子成分，叫做状语。 通常有副词，介词短语和从句充当． 状语种类如下： How about meeting again at six?（时间状语） Last night she didn’t go to the dance party because of the rain.（原因状语） I shall go there if it doesn’t rain.（条件状语） Mr Smith lives on the third floor.（地点状语） ;She put the eggs into the basket with great care.方式状语 She came in with a dictionary in her hand.伴随状语 In order to catch up with the others, I must work harder.目的状语 He was so tired that he fell asleep immediately.　结果状语 She works very hard though she is old.　让步状语 I am taller than he is.　　比较状语;同位语: 对其前面的名词代词做进一步解释. That is Mr. Chen, our English teacher. 插入语: 对一句话作一些附加的解释. To be honest, I don’t quite agree with you.;分类; 判断下列句子是简单句、并列句还是复合句： 1. We often study Chinese history on Friday afternoon. 2. The boy who offered me his