直译和意译-英语翻译相关解决方案.ppt

(一)Literal translation, free translation;汉译英: 感：sense 责任感，安全感，自卑感，优越感， A sense of responsibility , A sense of safety, A sense of inferiority, A sense of superiority, 节奏感，正义感，羞耻感，幽默感， A sense of rhythm, A sense of justice, A sense of shame, A sense of humor, 无助感，方向感，紧迫感，归属感 A sense of hopelessness, A sense of direction, A sense of urgency, A sense of belonging;2） Features of Literal translation A. to be faithful to the original ideological content. A literal translator makes great efforts to transplant the original word order, sentence structure, etc, in the TL（target language ）. B. be faithful to the form of the original work; It is of less importance for translators to maintain a smooth TL form; 鲁迅： rather to be faithful (in thought) than smooth (in language).宁信而不顺 【赵景琛：rather to be smooth (in language) than faithful (in thought).宁顺而不信】 ;注意 1) A qualified translation must be not only faithful in thought but smooth in language, which is a basic demand of a translator. 2) literal translation word-for-word translation 3) literal translation dead translation;3）When should we depend on 直译法 ? （1） Common civilization core, 某些习语和短语的翻译 ,例如： cold war 冷战 hot line 热线 hot girls in cool suit, spicy girl 辣妹 Hot-selling books 热销书/畅销书 black market 黑市 pillar industry 支柱产业 Blood is thicker than water. 血浓于水;（2）含义广为流传，读者较为熟悉的短语、习语等,直译可以丰富译语语言。例如： 1) He walked at the head of the funeral procession, and every now and then wiped his crocodile tears with a big handkerchief. 他走在送葬队伍的前头，还不时用一条大手绢抹去那鳄鱼的眼泪。 2) The Senate Foreign Relations Committee today extended the olive branch to the Clinton Government by pleading for cooperation in developing foreign policy. 参议院外交委员会今天向克林顿政府伸出了橄榄枝，要求在发展外交政策上合作。 ;3) In the court action, Alain sprang his trump card by calling a surprise witness. 在法庭诉讼中，阿兰突然打出了他的王牌—— 请出一位意想不到的证人。(杀手锏) 4）海内存知己，天涯若比邻。 Bosom friends there are within four seas, even the remotest regions are like close neighbors A bosom friend afar brings a distant land near. In win