陈洪青动词不定式.docVIP

动词不定式用法小结 Unit5 的语法要点是动词不定式作宾语的用法。动词不定式是一种非谓语动词形式，其结构为“to+动词原形”，其中to是动词不定式符号，称为小品词，动词不定式没有人称和数的变化，它和其后的名词等构成不定式短语，在句子中可以用作主语、宾语、表语、补足语、定语、状语等。 动词不定式作宾语。常见的结构形式有：want to do sth.(想要做某事)；hope to do(希望做…);expect to do(期望做…); plan to do(计划做…); like/love to do(喜欢做…); afford to do(付得起…); agree to do(同意做…); ask to do(要求做…); care to do(想要做…); choose to do(决定做…); decide to do(决定做…); fail to do(未履行…); help to do(帮助做…); learn to do(学会做…); manage to do(设法做…); offer to do(主动提出…); prepare to do(准备做…); pretend to do(假装做…); promise to do(答应做…); prove to do(证明…); refuse to do(拒绝做…); resolve to do(解决…); seem to do(觉得好像…); volunteer to do(自愿做…); wish to do(希望…)。例如： Larry often helps to bring out the best in me. () Still no one seemed to be bored. (P3 八上U1) I happen to know the answer to your question.我碰巧知道你那道问题的答案。 4. The driver failed to see the other car in time. 司机没能及时看见另一辆车。 动词不定式作主语。有时为了避免句子的头重脚轻，可以用“it”作形式主语，而把真正的主语——动词不定式（短语）放在句子的后面。例如： To learn English well is not easy. = It is not easy to learn English well. 学好英语并不容易。 It’s important to plant trees in spring. 在春天里种树很重要。 It’s not necessary to be the same. (P21 八上U3) It’s always interesting to watch other people show their talents. (P29 八上U4) 在动词不定式前加一个由介词for引导的短语，表示该动作是由谁来执行，称为不定式的复合结构。如： 1. It’s good for us to read English in the morning. 对我们来说，每天早晨读英语是很有益 2. I’m shy so it’s not easy for me to make friends. (P21 八上 U3) 动词不定式作表语,常用于be动词的后面。例如： His work is to drive a car. 他的工作是开车。 The most important thing is to learn something new and have fun. (P18 八上 U3) 动词不定式作宾语补足语，如： 1. He asked me to give him a book. 他让我给他一本书。 2. But my mother wants me to drink it (milk). (P12 八上 U2) 动词不定式作定语，通常放在所修饰的词后，为后置定语。 Who was the first one to arrive? 谁第一个到的？ The best way to learn English is to use it. 学英语最好的方法是使用它。 …, but we think the best way to relax is through exercise, … (P13 八上 U2) And one great thing about them is that they give people a way to make their dreams come true. (P29 八上 U4) … Mickey became the first cartoon character to