3.十七世纪：转折时期 (1625-1688).ppt

English Literature during the English Bourgeois Revolution and the Restoration (1625-1688) Political backgroundThe intermingling conflicts within ruling classes The breakout of civil war in 1640 Oliver Cromwell’s Republic England The Restoration of Monarchy in 1660 Stuart Absolutism in the reign of Charles II and James II Glorious Revolution in 1688 2. Ideological background of English Literature Ideological conflicts: Affirmation of divine right of the king Limitation of the absolute right of king by parliament Abolition of monarchy and the establishment of republicanism Religious conflict: The Anglican church VS the Puritans Philosopher: John Locke (1632-1704) 3. Major Literary Figures John Dryden (1631-1700) John Milton and his literary accomplishments His identities: A Puritan A staunch fighter for liberty in politics, religion, education, marriage and all the other social fields A poet A prose writer A Latin Secretary: a pamphleteer in defense of English bourgeois revolution An epic writer A dramatist Extracts from Milton’s works No man who knows aught can be so stupid to deny that all men naturally were born free. ----Of Prelatical Episcopacy Extracts from Milton’s works I saw that a way was opening for the establishment of real liberty; that the foundation was laying for the deliverance of man from the yoke of slavery and superstition; … ----The Second Defence of the English People Such commission from above I have received, to answer thy desire Of knowledge within bounds; beyond abstain To ask, not let thine own inventions hope Things not revealed, which the invisible King, Only Omniscient, hath suppressed in night, To none communicable in Earth or Heaven. Enough is left besides to search and know: But Knowledge is as food, and needs no less Her temperance over appetite, to know In measure what the mind may well contain; Oppresses else with surfeit, and soon turns Wisdom to folly, as nourishment to wind. Selected reading explanation your pre-