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Causes of Post-Fire Runoff and Erosion-- Water Repellency, Cover, or SoilSealing
SSSAJ: Volume 73: Number 4 ? July–August 2009 1393
Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. 73:1393-1407
doi:10.2136/sssaj2007.0432
Received 18 Dec. 2007.
*Corresponding author (larseni@u.washington.edu).
? Soil Science Society of America
677 S. Segoe Rd. Madison WI 53711 USA
All rights reserved. No part of this periodical may be reproduced or
transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical,
including photocopying, recording, or any information storage and
retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher.
Permission for printing and for reprinting the material contained
herein has been obtained by the publisher.
Wildfi res increase hillslope- and watershed-scale runoff and sediment yields by several orders of magnitude (e.g.,
Prosser and Williams, 1998; Robichaud and Brown, 1999;
Moody and Martin, 2001; Benavides-Solorio and MacDonald,
2005; Malmon et al., 2007). Land use and climate change have
increased, or are projected to increase, the size and frequency of
fi res in many wildland environments (e.g., Mouillot et al., 2002;
Hennessy et al., 2005; Westerling et al., 2006). Th e increase in
fi re risk is generating considerable concern about the potential
adverse eff ects on water quality, aquatic habitat, and water sup-
ply systems (Rinne, 1996; Robichaud et al., 2000; Moody and
Martin, 2001; Burton, 2005).
Th e large increases in runoff and sediment yields aft er high-
severity fi res have been attributed to several factors, including: (i)
soil water repellency (DeBano, 2000; Doerr et al., 2000); (ii) loss
of surface cover ( Johansen et al., 2001; Pannkuk and Robichaud,
2003); (iii) soil sealing by sediment particles (Lowdermilk, 1930;
Neary et al., 1999); and (iv) soil sealing by ash particles (Mallik
et al., 1984; Etiégni and Campbell, 1991). Th e problem is that
the relative contribution of each factor to the observed increas-
es in post-fi re runoff and sediment yields is largely unknown
(Shakesby et al., 2000
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