TheUSHostageCrisisinIran課件.pptVIP

The U.S. Hostage Crisis in Iran 444 Days in Captivity Background of the Shah First came to power during WWII Deposed in the late forties Reinstalled by a CIA-led coup in 1953 approved by the Eisenhower administration The “White Revolution” Divested the clergy of their vast landholdings Declared new rights for women Right to vote Right to attend university Dramatically increased urbanization and industrialization Exiles the Ayatollah Khomeini after he criticizes the Shah Westernize or Bust! Most Iranians did not want to abandon their rich heritage for Western Ways Found inspiration in the sermons of Muslim leaders who denounced the material West The Shah maintained control with harsh repression and brutality SAVAK Allah Hu Akbar, Marg Bar Shah! Demonstrations increased demanding the shah be deposed Demonstrators demanded the return of the exiled Ayatollah Khomeini The country was out of control Exit the Shah! Offers the premiership to Dr. Shahpur Bahktiar Leaves the country January 16, 1979 The Ayatollah was invited back Tens of thousands of demonstrators demanded the return of an Islamic state. Dr. Bahktiar leaves Islamic State Returns Enemies of the Islamic Revolution are tried and executed All political parties and organizations are banned Independent and non-Islamic newspapers are closed. Banks and Industries are Nationalized. Iranian Revolution Escalates US interests in the Persian Gulf are threatened. No access to Iranian Oil Cancellation of $7 billion of uncompleted arms contracts Anti American sentiment runs high. “Marg Bar Amrika!” Sunday, November 4, 1979 the US Embassy in Teheran is stormed Sixty-six hostages taken /wgbh/amex/carter/peopleevents/e_hostage.html Oh Canada! Six Americans seek refuge at the Canadian Embassy Tense moments Ottawa and Canadian Embassy prepare to evacuate Iran’s Hostage Demands Return the Shah for trial Return the Shah’s wealth to the people of Iran Admission of guilt by the US An apology and promise to stay out o