WesternCultureAnIntroduction課件.pptVIP

Western Culture: An Introduction Division Four Renaissance and Reformation Part I II. Renaissance in Italy New Literature Giovanni Boccaccio and his Decameron Giovanni Boccaccio /b?k?kɑt.t??/ : was a French-born Italian author and poet, a friend and correspondent of Petrarch, an important Renaissance humanist and the author of a number of notable works including the Decameron, On Famous Women, and his poetry in the Italian vernacular. Boccaccio is particularly notable for his dialogue, of which it has been said that it surpasses in verisimilitude that of just about all of his contemporaries, since they were medieval writers and often followed formulaic models for character and plot. Decameron (1351-1353), is a collection of 100 tales set against the melancholic background of the Black Death. 薄伽丘，乔瓦尼1313-1375法裔意大利诗人和作家，代表作有 十日谈(1351-1353年），其中收集了以逃避黑死病为忧郁背景的100个故事) 薄伽丘，意大利文艺复兴时期最早的代表人物之一，热心研究古籍的人文主义者，通晓希腊文的学者，多产作家。著有长篇小说《菲洛柯洛》，史诗《苔塞伊达》、《菲洛特拉托》，牧歌《亚梅托》，长诗《爱情的幻影》、《菲索塔诺的女神》等，其最重要的对后世影响最大的作品是短篇小说集《十日谈》。这些作品反映了人文主义的观点及早期人文主义的特点，如提倡复古文化，反对教会的禁欲主义，肯定人有享受现世幸福的权利，歌颂人间的爱情和欢乐等，同时，也表现人文主义思想的狭隘性，把个人幸福、个人利益看成是至高无上的东西。这正是资本主义萌芽在意识形态方面带来的最初的成果。卜伽丘与但丁、彼特拉克并称文艺复兴初期的“三杰”。 Decameron is structured in a frame narrative, or frame tale. Boccaccio begins with a description of the Black Death and leads a group of seven women and three men who flee from plague-ridden Florence to a villa in the (then) countryside of Fiesole for two weeks. To pass the time, each member of the party tells one story for each one of the nights spent at the villa. Although fourteen days pass, two days each week are set aside: one day for chores and one holy day during which no work is done. In this manner, 100 stories are told by the end of the ten days.《十日谈》是一部短篇小说集，它是意大利文艺复兴时期最早的代表作家卜伽丘对后世影响最大的作品，是欧洲近代文学史上第一部现实主义作品。写于 1384年，成书于1353年。小说文笔精练，语言生动。作品开端叙述10个男女青年为躲避黑死病，住在佛罗伦萨乡间的一个别墅里，每天每人讲一个故事，在10天中轮流讲了100个故事，故名《十日谈》。它反映了当时意大利的广阔现实社会，反对禁欲主义，歌颂男女爱情，反对等级特权，宣扬人类平等，揭露贵族的腐朽和愚昧，抨击僧侣的虚伪和荒谬。故事大都取材于历