高考英语选择题方法练高考英语选择题方法练.doc

第一招:还原法　　高考命题常以复杂的句型来增加考题的难度,有意给学生造成理解和判断上的困难。面对这种题型,考生要能透过复杂的语言环境,结合语法结构,还原出“庐山真面目”。这样题目就会变得简单,答案就会一目了然。这种结构常为:1)将疑问句还原为陈述句;2)将强调句还原为陈述句;3)将感叹句还原为陈述句;4)将倒装句还原为正常语序;5)将被动语态还原为主动语态。1. 将疑问句还原为陈述句　　例1: Is this school_______ you visited last month?　　A. one B. the one 　C. that D. what　　例2: What have we said _______ her so unhappy?　　A. makes B. to make C. made D. had made2. 将强调句还原为陈述句　　例1: —Where did you get to know her?　　—It was on the farm______we worked.(2007年山东卷)　　A. that B. there C. which D. where3. 将感叹句还原为陈述句　　different life today is_______ what it was 30 years ago!　　 A. How; from B. What a; from C. What; from D. How; with4. 将倒装句还原为正常语序　　So much of interest _______ that most visiters simply run out of time before seeing it all. (2008年上海卷)　　A. offers Beijing B. Beijing offers C. does Beijing offer D. Beijing does offer5. 将被动语态还原为主动语态　　Time should be made good use of _______ our lessons well.　　A. learning B. learned C. to learn D. learns第二招:添加法高考命题常使用省略句使考生不易看清句子的结构。对于这类试题,可恢复被省略的成分,使句子的结构变得明朗,进而选择出合适的答案。　　例1: —Hey, look where you are going!　　—Oh, I’m terribly sorry.______. (1999全国卷)　　A. I’m not noticing　B. I wasn’t noticing C. I haven’t noticed D. I don’t notice第三招:分隔法　　分隔法是用各类短语、各种从句或谓语动词将两个原来在语法关系上甚为密切的句子成分隔开,这样在很大程度上增加了考生对句子的理解难度。这种方法在定语从句和同位语从句的命题中很多,考生答题时可采用画括号的方法直接确定前面的先行词或中心词。　　例1: The village has developed a lot _______ we learned farming two years ago.(2007年福建卷)　　A. when B. which C. that D. where第四招:化简法　　高考命题为了增加句子的难度,命题人常将起干扰作用的定语从句、介词短语或插入语混在句子中,有意给学生造成理解和判断上的困难。如: I think / suppose / believe,do you think / suppose / believe, you know, of course等。考生在答题时可以采取用括号删除这些干扰项的方法,使句子变得更加简单,从而更容易地选出正确答案。　　例1: John plays football_______ , if not better than, David. (1994全国卷)　　A. as well B. as well as　C. so well D. so well as 第五招:突破定势法　　高考命题人常利用考生熟悉已久的句型结构、固定搭配或者母语为“诱饵”给考生造成假象,考生因为思维定势负迁移的影响,而忽略了题中已经变化的条件或情境,轻而易举选出“正确答案”,结果掉进了陷阱。考生在做这类试题时,要仔细分析句子结构或者句意,以免掉入命题者设计的陷阱。　　【相似句型Ⅰ】