中国心血管疾病.pdf

MINIREVIEW / MINISYNTHE?SE Cardiovascular diseases in China1 Lisheng Liu Abstract: Statistics from the National Population Census of China revealed a significant increase in the Chinese popula- tion, from 590 million in 1953 to 1.26 billion in 2000. The average life expectancy increased to 71.4 years in 2000 com- pared with the expectancy of 68.6 years a decade before. World Health Organization statistics on the death rate for total cardiovascular disease, coronary heart disease, and stroke in men and women aged 35–74 years revealed discrepancies be- tween rural and urban parts of China. The China Multicenter Collaborative Study of Cardiovascular Epidemiology indi- cated that cardiovascular disease was the major cause of death for both men and women, with stroke accounting for over 40% of deaths. Ischemia was shown to be the most common subtype of stroke in both sexes. Smoking was an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease. The World Health Organization reported that the death rate attributable to tobacco was 6.0% worldwide and 9.2% in China in 1990. The latter is projected to reach 16.6% by 2020. In China, the prevalence of hypertension and diabetes mellitus, the two key risk factors of cardiovascular disease, have also increased significantly in the past 20 years. In addition, elevated blood pressure and plasma cholesterol were two important determinants of in- creased cardiovascular disease in eastern Asia. These studies indicate that an integrated management of comprehensive risk is urgently required to address China’s increasing cardiovascular disease burden. Key words: cardiovascular disease, risk factors, stroke, China. Re?sume? : Les statistiques du Bureau de recensement national de la population de Chine a re?ve?le? une augmentation signifi- cative de la population chinoise, de 590 millions de personnes en 1953 a? 1.26 milliards en 2000. L’espe?rance de vie moyenne a augmente? a? 71.4 ans en 2000, comparativement a? 68.6 ans, une de?cennie plus t