大连雅思-朗阁教你雅思阅读标题题如何写.doc

“统领全局”之雅思阅读标题题 朗阁海外考试研究中心 赵岩 在雅思阅读中，标题题相较于其他题型在出题形式上存在两个独特性：heading是阅读中唯一一种设置在文章前面的题型；亦是唯一一种不需要细节定位的题型。因此，考生应注意不要遗漏位于文章前的heading或把heading题目与其前一篇文章相对应。另外，heading题目不考查考生们的定位能力，对于考生就文章段落的理解要求相对高一些，即考查考生对于某些起到统领作用句子的理解及归纳能力。另外，heading还存在混淆项的陷阱以及对于英文逻辑感的考查。笔者根据多年教学实践发现，很多情况下考生选错一个选项会导致标题题全盘皆错。下面朗阁海外考试研究中心的老师将带领考生们一起了解一下标题题的出题特点及应对方法。 一、heading题的出题规律及考查点 1、题目考查段落整体内容的概括而非某处细节或例子，考查考生的理解及归纳能力并非推理能力。很多情况下，考生并没有基于句子本身回选项中对应答案而是按照自己对于句子内容的推论挑选答案，导致选错选项或题目选项中并无对应项，从而去“随便”蒙一个答案。 例1： Yet there is a dark side to this picture: despite our progress, half of the worlds population still suffers, with water services inferior to those available to the ancient Greeks and Romans. As the United Nations report on access to water reiterated in November 2001, more than one billion people lack access to clean drinking water some two and a half billion do not have adequate sanitation services. Preventable water-related diseases kill an estimated 10,000 to 20,000 children every day, and the latest evidence suggests that we are falling behind in efforts to solve these problems.（剑7） 分析：本段一开头提到现代用水存在缺陷，段中进一步展开描述缺陷的具体表现及导致的后果：造成孩子死亡。对应的正确标题应为The relevance to health。但很多考生会根据段落内容推出自己的理解：因为文中提到了缺陷与不足因此应该改变这种现状，在答案选择中忽略了文中的本意而导致选错答案。 2、标题题对应的段落结构通常可分为两种：大部分段落首句或第二句或最后一句为主旨句，根据主旨句即可对应答案；小部分段落无明显主旨句，需要通读全段理解段落核心意思。 例1： Smell, however, is a highly elusive phenomenon. Odours, unlike colours, for instance, cannot be named in many languages because the specific vocabulary simply doesnt exist. It smells like..., we have to say when describing an odour, struggling to express our olfactory experience. Nor can odours be recorded: there is no effective way to either capture or store them over time. In the realm of olfaction, we must make do with descriptions and recollections. This has implications for olfactory research.（剑8） 分析：该段首句为主旨句 例2： On the other hand, dams, aqueducts and other kinds of infrastructure will still have to be built, particularly in developing countries where basic human needs have not be