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名词性从句讲解与练习(in)名词性从句讲解与练习(xin)
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名词性从句
基本用法
一、定义: 名词性从句相当于名词,可分别作主句的主语、表语、宾语和同位语。因此,名词性从句可分为主语从句、表语从句 、宾语从句和同位语从句。
二、引导词:
1、种类:有连词that / whether / as if,连接代词what / who/ which / whose / whatever / whoever / whomever / whichever,连接副词where / when / why / how / wherever / whenever。
2、功能:名词性从句的引导词一般都有意义且在从句中充当主语、宾语、状语等成分,但that引导名词性从句在从句中只起连接作用,无义且不作成分;whether/if引导名词性从句表“是否”之意,但在从句中不作成分。3、that引导名词性从句的特殊用法。1)、that引导主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句时不能省略。如:
①That they are good at English is known to us all.②The problem is that we don’t have enough money. = 3 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ③She expressed the hope that they would come to China one day.2)、that引导宾语从句时可省,但在以下几种情况中不能省略:
①当that从句和主句谓语动词之间有插入词语或者从句主语之间有插入语时,that不可省略;
He judged that, because he was a child, he did not understand wine.
②当that 从句与另一名词性从句并列作宾语时,that不能省;
Everyone knew what happened and that she was worried.
= 3 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ③当that作介词宾语时,that不可省掉。但that引导的宾语从句只有在except, in, but, besides等少数介词后偶尔可能用到;
e.g. Your article is all right except that it is too long.
The reason lies in that she works harder than the others do. = 4 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ④that从句作主语和宾语时,可以用it 来替换成以下几种结构表达。 **that引导主语从句借助it作形式主语的情况:
It 作主语的常用句型有:
A. It + be +形容词 + that 从句
B. It + be +名称词组(duty/pity..) + that 从句
C. It + be + 过去分词(said/thought..) + that 从句
D. It +不及物动词(seem/happen..) + that 从句
用形式主语 it 的主语从句常见结构
A.It is clear (necessary, important, possible,remarkable that… 很清楚(必要, 重要,可能, 值得注意等)…
B.It is a fact (a good thing, good news…) that … 事实是 ( 好事是,好消息是…)…
C.It is well-known ( reported, recorded, estimated,said, believed) that…众所周知( 据报道,,据记载,据说,据估计)…
D.It turns out ( seems, happens, appears…) that… 结果是 ( 似乎是, 碰巧是, 好象是…)…
E.It has been found (has been proved,can be seen,must be pointed out) that …已发现( 已证明,可以看出,需指出)…
如:
It is a pity that we can’t go swimming.真可惜我们不能去游泳.
It happened that I was out that day.碰巧那天我外出了.
It is certain that he will do well in the exam.他考试肯定会考好.
It is said that he told her everything.据说他已告诉了她一切.
***用it
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