雅思阅读材料之Eye robot.pdf

智 课 网 雅 思 备 考 资 料 雅思阅读材料之Eye robot 下面是一篇关于robot的雅思阅读材料，这篇雅思阅读材料的主要 内容是虽然现在机器人已经越来越智能，越来越先进，但是他们还是不 能清楚的看到东西，那么我们该如何解决这个问题呢?下面来看详细内 容。 Poor eyesight remains one of the main obstacles to letting robots loose among humans. But it is improving, in part by aping natural vision ROBOTS are getting smarter and more agile all the time. They disarm bombs, fly combat missions, put together complicated machines, even play football. Why, then, one might ask, are they nowhere to be seen, beyond war zones, factories and technology fairs? One reason is that they themselves cannot see very well. And people are understandably wary of purblind contraptions bumping into them willy-nilly in the street or at home. All that a camera-equipped computer “sees” is lots of picture elements, or pixels. A pixel is merely a number reflecting how much light has hit a particular part of a sensor. The challenge has been to devise algorithms that can interpret such numbers as scenes composed of different objects in space. This comes naturally to people and, barring certain optical illusions, takes no time at all as well as precious little conscious effort. Yet emulating this feat in computers has proved tough. In natural vision, after an image is formed in the retina it is sent to an area at the back of the brain, called the visual cortex, for processing. The first nerve cells it passes through react only to simple stimuli, such as edges slanting at particular angles. They fire up other cells, further into the visual cortex, which react to simple combinations of edges, such as corners. Cells in each subsequent area discern ever more complex features, with those at the top of the hierarchy responding to general categories like animals and faces, and to entire scenes comprising assorted objects. All this takes less than a tenth of a second. The outline of this process has been known for years and in the late 1980s Yann LeCun, now at New York University, pioneer