雅思阅读真题材料之Choice and happiness.pdf

智 课 网 雅 思 备 考 资 料 雅思阅读真题材料之Choice and happiness 编辑推荐： 游文锋：雅思阅读方法之“对应阅读法”介绍 雅思阅读真题题源文章之农业 雅思阅读真题题源文章之Science fiction ? 下面是一篇雅思阅读真题材料，这篇雅思阅读材料的主要内容是讨 论了选择和幸福的关系，是一篇社会方面的材料，很抽象。虽然在这篇 雅思阅读真题材料当中，我们遇到的生词可能会比科学类的少，但是理 解起来可能更困难。 A Americans today choose among more options in more parts of life than has ever been possible before. To an extent, the opportunity to choose enhances our lives. It is only logical to think that if some choice is good, more is better; people who care about having infinite options will benefit from them, and those who do not can always just ignore the 273 versions of cereal they have never tried. Yet recent research strongly suggests that, psychologically, this assumption is wrong. Although some choice is undoubtedly better than none, more is not always better than less。 B Recent research offers insight into why many people end up unhappy rather than pleased when their options expand. We began by making a distinction between maximizers (those who always aim to make the best possible choice) and satisficers (those who aim for good enough, whether or not better selections might be out there)。 C In particular, we composed a set of statements—the Maximization Scale—to diagnose peoples propensity to maximize. Then we had several thousand people rate themselves from 1 to 7 (from completely disagree to completely agree) on such statements as I never settle for second best. We also evaluated their sense, of satisfaction with their decisions. We did not define a sharp cutoff to separate maximizers from satisficers, but in general, we think of individuals whose average scores are higher than 4 (the scales midpoint) as maximizers and those whose scores are lower than the midpoint as satisficers. People who score highest on the test—the greatest maximizers—engage in more product comparisons than the lowest scorers, both before and after they make purchasing decisions, and they take longer to decide what to buy. When s