13)汉英篇章回指手段对比考察《外国语》13)汉英篇章回指手段对比考察《外国语》.doc

PAGE 2 PAGE 11  PAGE \* MERGEFORMAT 1 汉英篇章回指手段对比考察 ——专就翻译语料中汉语LDR及其英语对应用语而论* 本研究受教育部人文社科规划基金项目（10YJA740063）和广州市社科发展“十一五”规划项目（10Y09）资助。笔者由衷感谢许余龙教授对本文给予的悉心指导；感谢本刊审稿人及编辑部的意见和帮助。而文中所遗差错或欠缺，概由笔者自负。 刘礼进 （广东外语外贸大学 外国语言学及应用语言学研究中心，广州510420） 摘 要：本文对比考察汉英、英汉翻译语料里汉语长距离反身代词（简称LDR）与其英语对应用语的回指功能及语用动因。结果表明，汉英篇章回指建构中存在着显著的差异：其他情况均相同时，汉语常可由LDR建立篇章回指，而英语一般由代词建立篇章回指。具体而言，汉语各句位的“自己”大都相应编码为英语各格位代词，因为，操汉语者易受语篇主人公视角驱动，常以简单反身代词建立篇章回指，操英语者往往立足于观察者视角，多用代词建构篇章回指。相似地，汉语各句位的“x-自己”也多半相应编码为英语各格位代词，原因或在于，操汉语者更喜欢使用复合反身代词来凸显语篇实体。 关键词：回指手段；长距离反身代词（LDR）；代词；语用动因；汉英对比 The Anaphoric Devices in Chinese and English Discourse: A Study with Special Reference to Chinese LDRs vs. Their English Equivalents in Translation Data LIU Lijin (CLAL, Guangdong University of Foreign Studies, Guangzhou 510420) Abstract: This article presents a contrastive study of the anaphoric uses of Chinese long-distance reflexives (LDRs) and their English equivalents in C-E/E-C translation data and the motivations for their uses. The findings suggest that there is a noticeable dissimilarity in anaphoric production: other things being equal, a Chinese LDR can be but an English pronoun is generally used to create discourse anaphora. Specifically, Chinese “ziji” is largely encoded grammatically accordingly as an English pronoun, due to the fact that Chinese speakers are apt to take the protagonist’s viewpoint and use the simplex reflexive to establish an anaphoric linkage in discourse, while English speakers tend to take the observer’s viewpoint and use a pronoun to set up such a linkage. Similarly, Chinese “x-ziji” is also largely encoded, syntactically accordingly, as an English pronoun. This is probably because Chinese speakers would prefer to highlight a discourse entity with this complex reflexive. Key words: anaphoric device; LDR; pronoun; motivation; contrastive analysis 1. 引言 已有研究显示，汉语篇章中由长距离反身代词建构的回指式相当普遍[1]。那么，类似现象在英语篇章中也同样普遍存在吗？本文试图通过汉译英和英译汉语料调查，解答这一问题。具体地，我们拟对比考察汉语长距离反身代词（以下简称LDR）与其英译用语或英原文用语情形，以期揭示汉英篇章回指建构的差异性