人教版新目标初中八年级下册现在完成时态选编.ppt

现在完成时 ;现在完成时的含义及用法;现在完成时的基本句型：;用法① 现在完成时表示过去发生的动作,并对现在有影响。 Someone has broken the window. (窗户现在是坏的) I have already lost the key. (我现在没有钥匙) I haven’t read that book yet . (不了解书的内容) I have just cleaned my hands. (手是干净的);你已经找到你的书了吗? (find-found) 他们在这个城市建了许多房子. (build-built) Judy还没到达. (arrive-arrived) 你吃过早饭了吗? (have-had) ;用法② 现在完成时表示从过去一直持续到现在的动作或状态。 She has learned English for 5 years. He has lived in Beijing since ( 自从)he was born . Have you stayed here since ( 自从) 3 o’clock? ;用for 或since填空; 常用于现在完成时的时间副词,介词: already (已经): 用于肯定句 I have already posted the letter . yet(已经): 用于否定句,疑问句 He hasn’t done his homework yet. just(刚刚) They have just left. ever(曾经) Have you ever been to Beijing ? never(从不) I have never seen him . before(以前) Have you seen the film before? since(自从…以来) I’ve worked in the school since 1999. for(长达) He’s lived in Shenzhen for 6 years. in the past several days / weeks/ years(在过去的…) recently(最近) I have not written to my parents recently. so far(到目前为止) So far she has learned 5 English songs. up to now(到目前为止) this morning/month/year(今天早上/这个月/今年);have been 与have gone 的用法比较 ;Has she ever been to Nanjing? 她曾去过南京吗？ You have never been there, have you? 你以前从未去过那儿，是吗？ I have been to Guiling , I went there last year. 我去过桂林，我去年去的。 She has gone to Nanjing. 她已经去南京了。;实义动词分为: 瞬间动词 、延续动词 ;在现在完成时的肯定句中，瞬间动词不能与表示短时间的句子连用，否定句中可以。瞬间动词若要连用可替换成别的表达方式: 瞬间动词可用于“段时间 + ago ” 的一般过去时句型 瞬间动词可改成与之相对应的延续性动词及短语.与段时间连用 瞬间动词用于“It is + 一段时间 + since + 一般过去时 的句型中。表示“自从...以来有...时间” 的意思.主句一般用it is来代替It has been; 瞬间动词用于“Some time has passed since + 一般过去时的句型中;他的爷爷已经去世2年了。 Nick 参军3年了. 他离开深圳好长时间了。 这本书我已借了4个月了. ;method 1: ;他的爷爷已经去世2年了。 Nick 参军3年了. 他离开深圳好长时间了。 这本书我已借了4个月了. ;method 2: