英语口译讲义Week1.doc

PAGE  PAGE 5 实用英汉口译教程 Week 1 ? 1.??????Task Description: The tasks of the week include introducing the course content and features, explaining the history, definition, classification, process and criteria of interpretation, and discussing interpreters’ qualifications, code of conducts and interpreting skills and techniques. ? 2.??????Definition of Interpreting ? ?1）Zhong, Shukong’s definition: Interpretation means an extempore oral reproduction, in one language, of what is said in another language. It cannot be viewed as a merely linguistic undertaking, but should be regarded as an aspect of a larger domain, namely, that of communication. (Zhong Shukong, 1999:1) ? ?2）Ren Wen’s definition: Interpreting is the oral transposition of an orally delivered message from a source language to a target language. Its aim is to bridge the language and cultural barriers in the intercultural communication. ? ?3.??????History of Interpreting ? ?1)??????Interpreting as an occasional activity: ? Interpreting has been in existence ever since man began to use the spoken word. It has therefore always played a vital role in the relationships between people of different origins since the beginning of mankind. However, there is a lack of hard evidence pinpointing the time of the creation of interpreting due to the fact that interpreting, unlike written translation, usually leaves behind no written proof. The first written proof of interpreting dates back to 3000 B.C.. Latin, French and English have been used as lingua franca at different stages. Throughout history, the service of interpreters has been used for religious, exploration, economic, trade, political, diplomatic, social and cultural reasons. (Delisle, 1999) ? ?2)??????Interpreting as a profession: ? At the Peace Conference in Paris after World War I the delegates demanded the right to speak languages other than French and engaged the services of consecutive interpreters on a large scale, establishing the political status