浙江省草塔中学：UUnit1Womenofachievement（Grammar）学案（人教版必修四）.doc

PAGE  PAGE 3第 页 【用法归纳】 英语中主谓一致一般都遵循以下三个原则，即语法一致、意义一致和邻近一致。 语法一致是指句子的主语和谓语在语法形式上一致，即谓语动词的单复数形式依主语的单复数形式而定。主语为单数时谓语动词用单数，主语为复数时谓语动词也用复数。 意义一致是指不依语法形式而侧重于根据实际意义处理主谓关系，根据主语所表达的实际含义确定谓语动词的单复数。如：“half / all / some / most /the rest / lots /分数、百分数 + of + 名词”等作主语时，谓语动词要和of之后的名词的单复数保持一致。and连接两个并列主语时，谓语动词一般用复数。但若and连接的两部分指同一人、同一物、同一事或同一概念时，谓语动词则常用单数。由and连接的并列主语，如果前面有each, every, many a, no等修饰时，谓语动词通常要用单数。 邻近一致是指谓语动词的??称和数与它最邻近的名词或代词保持一致。如：or / either ... or / neither ... nor / not only ... but also / not ... but / there be ... 等连接的并列主语，谓语动词的数与靠近它的主语一致。 【拓展】 1. 定语从句中谓语动词的单复数要与先行词保持一致；从句或非谓语动词作主语时，谓语动词一般用单数，但如果有两个或两个以上的从句或非谓语动词作主语表示不同含义时，谓语动词用复数。 2. 一些以s结尾的学科名（如maths, physics, politics）、书名、报名（如Washington Times）、电影名、国名（如the United States）等作主语时，谓语动词用单数。如： The United States is a developed country. 3. a large quantity of, quantities of, a large amount of, amounts of后接名词作主语时，谓语动词的数应与quantity或amount的数相一致。如： Large quantities of land are wasted in the area. A large quantity of money was gone in the company today. 4. 表示时间、距离、金钱、重量等的复数名词作主语，若把这些复数名词看作整体时，谓语动词用单数。 【即时练习】 根据以上原则，用be或have的适当形式填空。 1. A: There _____ a new book and lots of the latest CDs in Jim’s study. B: Yes. John, as well as his classmates, _____ borrowed some from Jim. A: I also want to. Eighty percent of his CDs _____ classic English songs, which _____ good for our English study. B: Each boy and each girl _____ been invited to visit his study, so let’s go together to see whether we can also borrow some from him. 2. A: More than one student in our class _____ passed TOEFL this year. Is it that important? B: Yes. Not only I but also you _____ expected to take part in it. A: Really? Fortunately, the teacher and professor in charge _____ giving a speech on TOEFL now. Let’s go to enjoy it. B: Good idea. More than one student _____ talked about it. How long will it take to get there? A: Ten minutes _____ enough. 【高考链接】 从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 1. One third of the country _____ covered with trees and the maj