英教词汇4种构成方式PPT.ppt

词汇四种构成方式;Three forms of words ; Ⅰ. Blending ; For example, flush is the combination of fl and ush. ; Four major groups of blends;2. head + head ;3. head + word;4. word + tail ; The overwhelming majority of blends are nouns; very fewer are verbs and adjectives are even fewer. The few verbs are: telecast from (television +broadcast ) guestimate from ( guess + estimate ) breathalyse from (breath + analyse ). ; The limited use of blends ;Ⅱ.Clapping ; To save time, one is likely to  clip words frequently used .;In catering business; There are four common types of clipping;2. Back clipping;3. Front and back clipping;Tip for some exchanges of words ; e.g. bicycle → bike microphone → mike coca cola → coke perambulator → pram television → telly This change in form and sound is possibly do to convenience and casualness in speech. ;Ⅲ. Acronymy;★ Initialisms;1. Letters represent full words;2.Letters represent constituents in a compound or just parts of a word;★ Acronyms; CORE →Congress of Racial Equality; Some acronyms are formed with the initial letter of the first word plus the whole of the second; Both initialisms and acronyms have become very popular since the Second World War and Thus extremely productive. This is justified by the number of such words collected in E.T. Growley’s Acronyms and Initialisms Dictionary. The 1st edition which appeared in 1961 contains 12,000 entries; the 2nd edition that came out in 1965 lists 45,000 entries; the 3rd edition which was published in 1970 collects 80,000 entries, Almost twice the number of the second edition. ; With the advance of time, some of the words may fall out of use whereas by far a greater number of words will be added. Acronymy will undoubtedly remain an important contributor to contemporary English vocabulary.;Ⅳ Back-formation ;the supposed suffixes;1. Abstract nouns;2. Human no